的结构和功能:保存和演变的特征
David Zapletal1,2, Karel Kubicek1,3, Petr Svoboda3
1CEITEC-Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
EMBO reports
|June 13, 2023
概括
迪克酶产生用于RNA干扰 (RNAi) 和微RNA (miRNA) 途径的小RNA. 结构分析揭示了Dicer的说法
科学领域:
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
- 生物化学 生物化学
背景情况:
- RNase III Dicer 酶对于产生调节真核生物中基因表达的小RNA至关重要.
- 取决于Dicer的途径包括使用小干扰RNAs (siRNAs) 的RNA干扰 (RNAi) 和使用miRNAs的微RNA (miRNA) 途径.
- siRNAs是从长长的双链RNA (dsRNA) 衍生出来的,而miRNAs则是从特定的针头前体中加工出来的.
研究的目的:
- 审查最近对动物和植物Dicer酶的结构分析.
- 了解Dicer域如何在不同的途径和生物体中对基质识别和裂解作出贡献.
- 在siRNA和miRNA生物发生过程中探索Dicer函数的进化分歧.
主要方法:
- 来自各种生物体的Dicer酶结构分析的综述.
- 对Dicer域及其在小RNA处理中的作用进行比较分析.
- 整合结构数据与RNAi和miRNA路径的知识.
主要成果:
- 结构洞察力揭示了Dicer酶对基质特异性和裂变的域适应.
- 迪克能够产生siRNA和miRNA的能力在不同的同类物之间有所不同.
- 类似RIG-I的螺旋酶域被确定为Dicer.的功能分歧的关键因素.
结论:
- siRNA生成可能是Dicer的祖先功能,miRNA生物发生代表了衍生能力.
- dsRNA结合域在Dicer介导的小RNA生物发生过程中表现出显著的功能多功能性.
- 结构研究为理解Dicer在小RNA路径中的多样性作用提供了机制基础.
相关概念视频
Convergent Evolution
28.1K
Evolution shapes the features of organisms over time, ensuring that they are suited for the environments in which they live. Sometimes, selection pressure leads to the rise of similar but unrelated adaptations in organisms with no recent common ancestors, a process known as convergent evolution.
28.1K
Conservation of Protein Domains Over Different Proteins
11.0K
Protein domains are small structurally independent units that are part of a single amino acid chain. Although these domains are often structurally independent, they may rely on synergistic effects to perform their functions as part of a larger protein. Protein domains may be conserved within the same organism, as well as across different organisms.
A limited set of protein domains often duplicate and recombine during evolution. These domains can be organized in different combinations to...
A limited set of protein domains often duplicate and recombine during evolution. These domains can be organized in different combinations to...
11.0K
Conserved Binding Sites
4.2K
Many proteins’ biological role depends on their interactions with their ligands, small molecules that bind to specific locations on the protein known as ligand-binding sites. Ligand-binding sites are often conserved among homologous proteins as these sites are critical for protein function.
Binding sites are often located in large pockets, and if their location on a protein’s surface is unknown, it can be predicted using various approaches. The energetic method computationally...
Binding sites are often located in large pockets, and if their location on a protein’s surface is unknown, it can be predicted using various approaches. The energetic method computationally...
4.2K
Multi-species Conserved Sequences
4.0K
Next-generation sequencing technologies have created large genomic databases of a variety of animals and plants. Ever since the human genome project was completed, scientists studied the genome of primates, mammals, and other phylogenetically distant living beings. Such large-scale studies have provided new insights into the evolutionary relationship between organisms.
Although the genome of each species varies greatly from each other, a few sequences are highly conserved. Such conserved...
Although the genome of each species varies greatly from each other, a few sequences are highly conserved. Such conserved...
4.0K
Structure of Cadherins
3.4K
The cadherins were one of the first cell adhesion molecules discovered; the term “cadherins” is based on their calcium-dependent adhering properties. The first cadherins discovered on the epithelial, neuronal, and placental cells were named E-cadherin, P-cadherin, and N-cadherin, respectively. These classical cadherins share sequence and structural similarities. Other cadherins, including those involved in cell signaling, are grouped into non-classical cadherins. This...
3.4K
Conservation of Protein Domains
3.1K
3.1K


