一般情况. 一般情况. 特定的脆弱性:青少年大脑认知发展 (ABCD) 研究中的多基因风险评分和更高阶精神病理层面
Monika A Waszczuk1, Jiaju Miao2, Anna R Docherty3,4
1Department of Psychology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, USA.
Psychological medicine
|June 13, 2023
概括
对情绪困难和疼痛的多基因风险评分 (PRSs) 广泛预测了儿童精神病理学. 然而,用于外部化行为的PRS更具体,为儿科研究和临床实践提供了洞察力.
科学领域:
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
- 儿童心理学 儿童心理学
背景情况:
- 多基因风险评分 (PRS) 识别了对精神疾病的遗传脆弱性.
- PRS通常与多种儿童心理健康问题有关,使临床使用复杂化.
- 这项研究系统地评估了PRS与儿童精神病理学的广泛与特定关联.
研究的目的:
- 确定哪些PRS与所有形式的儿童精神病理学广泛相关.
- 为了确定特定心理病理学领域的特定PRS.
- 在儿科研究和临床环境中为PRS的应用提供信息.
主要方法:
- 分析了4717名具有欧洲血统的儿童 (平均年龄9.92岁).
- 从层次上对心理病理进行概念化:一般因素 (p因素) 和特定因素 (外部化,内部化,神经发育,体形,脱离).
- 使用部分相关性和回归来评估22个PRS与精神病理因素之间的关联.
主要成果:
- 有13种与一般精神病理因素相关的PRS,特别是慢性多站点疼痛-PRS,ADHD-PRS和抑郁症-PRS.
- 在控制了一般因素后,抑郁症,神经病变,PTSD,失眠,慢性疼痛和自闭症的PRS与低级因素无关.
- 外向化的PRS (例如,冒险性-PRS,抑制性-PRS) 仍然与外向化因素相关,而ADHD-PRS与神经发育因素独特相关.
结论:
- 对情绪困难和慢性疼痛的PRS捕捉了儿童精神病理学的一般遗传风险.
- 对外部化困难的PRS对于行为问题表现出更大的特异性.
- 这些发现可能有助于将PRS转化为儿科研究和临床实践.
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