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在自动机和机器人中模仿:关于Kempelen的哲学案例研究
1Institut für Philosophie, Universität Wien, Universitätsring 1, 1010, Vienna, Austria.
Studies in history and philosophy of science
|June 13, 2023
概括
这项研究考察了18世纪的自动机器人和现代机器人,质疑他们的类似机器的生命模拟是否表明了持续的科学理解. 它强调历史化自动机器人,以了解它们与当代机器人的关系.
科学领域:
- 科学和技术的历史 科学和技术的历史
- 科学哲学的科学哲学
- 机器人和人工智能 机器人和人工智能
背景情况:
- 机器人引起了大量的公众和学术兴趣,促使人们与历史上的自动移动机器进行比较.
- 欧洲启蒙时代的自动机,特别是18世纪的自动机,在这个背景下经常被引用.
- 一个关键的辩论是,早期自动机的设计和目的是否预示着现代机器人在生命科学中的认识论性作用.
研究的目的:
- 调查18世纪自动机和21世纪机器人之间的认识论连续性的说法.
- 从哲学上评估这种连续性是否解释了物质,政治和技术条件的变化.
- 通过历史分析,探索自动机的概念及其与机器人的关系.
主要方法:
- 关于自动机和机器人的哲学研究.
- 坎佩伦的Sprechmaschine (1791) 的历史案例研究.
- 对当代生命科学和历史自动机构建中的认识论框架的分析.
主要成果:
- 该研究声称,自动机的定义需要历史背景.
- 它挑战了对历史自动机和现代机器人之间的认识论连续性的简单观点.
- 案例研究强调需要考虑不断变化的技术和社会背景.
结论:
- 鉴别自动机器人与机器人需要显著的谨慎,因为历史和上下文的差异.
- "自动机"的概念必须被历史化,才能准确地理解它与机器人的关系.
- 在不同的历史时期,对将生物体概念化为机器有更广泛的含义.
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