保护性耕作通过改变真菌群落和酶活性来增加表面土壤有机碳库存
Wen-Sheng Liu1,2, Yu-Xin Wei1,2, Ping-Ping Deng1,2
1College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China.
概括
保护性耕作,特别是无耕作与草保留 (NTSR),增加土壤有机碳 (SOC) 库存,并增强土壤酶活动. 这种做法通过影响真菌群落和酶功能来促进表面SOC.
科学领域:
- 土壤科学 土壤科学
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 农业学是一种农业学.
背景情况:
- 菌群对于作物残留物分解和土壤有机碳 (SOC) 动态是至关重要的.
- 众所周知,保护性耕作实践可以增强SOC封存并减轻气候变化.
- 耕作对真菌多样性的长期影响及其与SOC库存的联系需要进一步研究.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究细胞外酶活动,真菌社区多样性和SOC库存在各种耕种实践下的关系.
- 评估不同耕作方法对土壤真菌群落的影响及其在碳循环中的功能作用.
主要方法:
- 使用四种耕作实践进行了实地实验:无耕作与吸管去除 (NT0),无耕作与吸管保留 (NTSR),耕作与吸管保留 (PTSR) 和旋转耕作与吸管保留 (RTSR).
- 测量包括土壤有机碳库存,细胞外酶活性 (β-葡萄糖酶,化酶,细胞化酶,酸酶) 和真菌社区多样性 (观察到的物种,Chao1指数).
- 部分最小平方路径建模 (PLS-PM) 用于分析变量之间的关系.
主要成果:
- 与其他处理方法相比,无耕作与吸管保留 (NTSR) 导致在顶部0-10厘米的土壤层中增加了SOC库存.
- 在0-10厘米层中,NTSR显著增加了土壤酶活性 (β-葡萄糖酶,西洛酶,蜂基酶,基酶),与除草 (NT0) 的无耕作相比.
- 在耕作实践中,真菌群体结构,多样性指数 (观察到的物种,Chao1) 和共发生网络存在显著差异,NTSR显示的真菌多样性低于RTSR.
结论:
- 保护性耕作,特别是NTSR,有效地促进了表面SOC库存.
- 受土壤物理化学特性和真菌群落影响的细胞外酶活性增加与保护耕作下的SOC库存增加有关.
- 与C相关的酶在耕作方式与SOC库存之间的关联中发挥着关键作用.
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