通过在蔬菜作物中采用TILLING和EcoTILLING方法进行等位基因挖掘
Raman Selvakumar1, Gograj Singh Jat2, Dalasanuru Chandregowda Manjunathagowda3
1ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110 012, India.
Planta
|June 13, 2023
概括
异位基因挖掘通过探索来自野生亲属的新型异位基因来提高蔬菜作物的遗传改进. 这种复杂的技术,包括基因组中的目标诱导局部病变 (TILLING),有助于育种者开发弹性,高产品种.
科学领域:
- 植物遗传学和育种.
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 农作物科学 农作物科学
背景情况:
- 蔬菜作物具有丰富的遗传多样性,包括野生亲属和陆地品种.
- 利用这种多样性对于开发高产,气候适应性品种至关重要.
- 基因组工具对于访问和利用新型等位基因是必不可少的.
研究的目的:
- 提供关于蔬菜作物中等位基因挖掘的全面概述.
- 探索对等位基因发现的方法及其在前繁殖中的应用.
- 突出基因改进的等位基因挖掘的潜力.
主要方法:
- 审查现有的关于等位基挖掘技术的文献.
- 专注于基因组中目标诱导的局部病变 (TILLING) 和生态TILLING.
- 从野生亲属和遗传库存中对等基因探索的分析.
主要成果:
- 代基因挖掘为改善特征提供了获取有益的代基因的机会.
- 切割和生态切割是检测等位基变异的有效方法.
- 野生亲属是可取的等位基因侵入的宝贵来源.
结论:
- 代基因挖掘是一种复杂的方法,用于蔬菜作物的遗传增强.
- 利用新型基因组可以提高产量,耐压力和营养含量.
- 预计TILLING的进一步应用将在作物改善方面带来显著的间接益处.
相关概念视频
Plant Breeding and Biotechnology
19.5K
Crop cultivation has a long history in human civilization, with records showing the cultivation of cereal plants beginning at around 8000 BC. This early plant breeding was developed primarily to provide a steady supply of food.
19.5K
Plant Tissue Culture
38.1K
Plant tissue culture is widely used in both primary and applied science. Applications range from plant development studies to functional gene studies, crop improvement, commercial micropropagation, virus elimination, and conservation of rare species.
38.1K
Transgenic Plants
7.3K
Recombinant DNA technology called transgenesis is often used to add a foreign gene or remove a detrimental gene from an organism. Such genetically modified organisms are called transgenic organisms.
The first-ever transgenic plant was a tobacco plant developed in 1983 that showed resistance against the tobacco mosaic virus. Since then, many transgenic plants have been developed and commercialized for improving the agricultural, ornamental, and horticultural value of a crop plant. Transgenic...
The first-ever transgenic plant was a tobacco plant developed in 1983 that showed resistance against the tobacco mosaic virus. Since then, many transgenic plants have been developed and commercialized for improving the agricultural, ornamental, and horticultural value of a crop plant. Transgenic...
7.3K
Light Acquisition
8.5K
In order to produce glucose, plants need to capture sufficient light energy. Many modern plants have evolved leaves specialized for light acquisition. Leaves can be only millimeters in width or tens of meters wide, depending on the environment. Due to competition for sunlight, evolution has driven the evolution of increasingly larger leaves and taller plants, to avoid shading by their neighbors with contaminant elaboration of root architecture and mechanisms to transport water and nutrients.
8.5K


