长期护理保险是否能减少中年和老年人的残疾? 来自中国的证据
Na Cao1,2, Tong Shi2, Chaoping Pan3
1School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Medical University Chashan Campus, Wenzhou City, 325035, Zhejiang Province, China.
BMC public health
|June 13, 2023
概括
中国的长期护理保险 (LTCI) 政策有效地减少了老年人的残疾. 政策效益对女性,年轻人,城市居民和单身居民来说最大,突出了有针对性的改进领域.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 公共卫生政策 公共卫生政策
- 卫生经济学 卫生经济学
背景情况:
- 中年和老年人在中国面临越来越多的残疾风险.
- 实施长期护理保险 (LTCI) 政策旨在减轻这些风险.
- 了解LTCI的影响和异质性对于有效的政策制定至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估LTCI政策在减少45岁及以上中国成年人残疾方面的有效性.
- 分析LTCI政策对不同人口群体的差异性影响.
- 提供支持在中国和类似经济体实施LTCI的经验证据.
主要方法:
- 利用了中国健康与退休长度研究 (CHARLS) 的四个波 (2011-2018) 的数据.
- 使用的差异差异 (DID) 方法.
- 应用面板数据固定效应模型来估计政策对残疾的影响.
主要成果:
- 该LTCI政策在减少残疾方面表现出了显著的积极影响.
- 主要的人口群体,包括女性,年轻人 (在研究队列中),城市居民和单身生活的人,经历了最实质性的好处.
- 有证据表明,在不同的人群中,政策的有效性存在异质性.
结论:
- 在中国,LTCI政策是减少中年和老年人残疾的有效工具.
- 针对特定的人口群体,特别是女性,年轻人,城市人口和单身居民的有针对性的关注是必要的,以最大限度地提高收益.
- 政策实施应解决潜在的不平等问题,以确保更广泛,更统一的积极结果.
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