对形态和产量相关特征的基因组选择,使用棕油中全基因组SNP进行基因组选择
Gina A Garzón-Martínez1, Jaime A Osorio-Guarín1, Leidy P Moreno2
1Centro de Investigación Tibaitatá, Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (Agrosavia), Mosquera, Cundinamarca Colombia.
Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement
|June 14, 2023
概括
基因组选择通过提高跨物种杂交品种产量特征的预测准确度来加速油棕种植. 这种方法显示出父母选择的潜力,减少了长时间的繁殖周期,以改善作物发育.
科学领域:
- 植物育种 植物育种
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 农业科学 农业科学
背景情况:
- 棕油是全球重要的油作物,哥伦比亚是主要的生产国.
- 埃莱斯·奥莱费拉 (Elaeis oleifera) 和埃莱斯·吉尼尼斯 (Elaeis guineensis) 的跨物种杂交 (OxG) 对于哥伦比亚的生产至关重要.
- 传统的油棕种植是漫长的,新品种需要长达20年的时间.
研究的目的:
- 评估基因组选择 (GS) 的潜力,以加速油棕种植.
- 评估跨物种杂交 (OxG) 和逆交 (BC1) 的形态和产量特征的预测准确度.
- 为了比较不同的人口数据集,用于训练基因组预测模型.
主要方法:
- 评估了431种F1跨物种杂交 (OxG) 和444种逆交 (BC1).
- 应用G-BLUP模型进行基因组预测,使用三个培训策略:同一个人群,其他人群和组合人群.
- 评估了包括叶面积,树干高度,树干直径,束数和产量在内的特征的预测准确性.
主要成果:
- 当模型在同一个群体上接受训练时,叶面积 (0.3在OxG) 和树干高度 (0.47在BC1) 的更高的预测准确度得到了实现.
- 与BC1家族相比,OxG中的单一家族预测准确性通常较低.
- 由于遗传相关性,多特征模型显著提高了产量预测准确度 (0.22为OxG,0.44为BC1).
结论:
- 基因组选择显示出在油棕养殖计划中增强家长选择的巨大潜力.
- GS可以帮助减少油棕品种的长繁殖周期时间.
- 需要进一步的研究来完善GS模型,以根据遗传价值更精确地选择个体.
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