美国食物过敏的种族,民族和社会经济差异
Jialing Jiang1, Christopher M Warren1, Audrey Brewer1,2
1Center for Food Allergy & Asthma Research, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.
JAMA network open
|June 14, 2023
概括
食物过敏在亚洲,西班牙裔和非西班牙裔黑人中比美国非西班牙裔白人更为普遍. 需要对社会经济因素和环境暴露进行进一步的研究,以了解原因并减少差异.
科学领域:
- 过敏和免疫学 过敏和免疫学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 食物过敏影响美国8%的儿童和11%的成年人.
- 以前关于食物过敏差异的研究集中在黑人和白人儿童身上.
- 关于不同种族,种族和社会经济群体的食物过敏分布的数据有限.
研究的目的:
- 估计美国各种种族,种族和社会经济群体中食物过敏的全国分布.
- 为了确定食物过敏患病率和结果的差异.
主要方法:
- 对美国全国代表性样本 (n=78,851) 进行了基于人口的横截面调查.
- 参与者是通过在线和电话调查招募的.
- 使用严格的标准来定义"令人信服"的食物过敏症,分析考虑了复杂的调查权重.
主要成果:
- 非西班牙裔白人的食物过敏患病率最低 (9.5%).
- 在亚洲 (10.5%),西班牙裔 (10.6%) 和非西班牙裔黑人 (10.6%) 个体中,患病率更高.
- 非西班牙裔黑人报告的多种食物过敏率最高 (50.6%).
- 较低的家庭收入与更高的食物过敏患病率有关.
结论:
- 与美国的非西班牙裔白人人口相比,亚洲裔,西班牙裔和非西班牙裔黑人人口中食物过敏的患病率更高.
- 社会经济因素和环境暴露可能解释这些差异.
- 需要有针对性的干预措施来减少食物过敏的负担,并改善风险人群的结果.
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