验证机器学习模型在初级和修订整部关节整形术后预测输血中的性能
Anirudh Buddhiraju1, Michelle Riyo Shimizu1, Murad A Subih1
1Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
The Journal of arthroplasty
|June 14, 2023
概括
机器学习模型可以准确地预测关节整形术 (THA) 后的输血风险. 这些经过验证的算法可以对国家数据进行概括,改善患者护理和降低成本.
科学领域:
- 整形外科手术 整形外科手术
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
背景情况:
- 在初级 (9%) 和修订 (18%) 关节整形术 (THA) 后,输血的高率仍然存在.
- 由于患者人群狭窄,现有的预测工具的适用性有限.
- 手术后输血增加了患者的发病率和医疗保健费用.
研究的目的:
- 通过外部验证机器学习 (ML) 算法来预测初级和修订THA中的输血风险.
- 用国家住院患者数据评估ML模型的通用性.
- 确定THA患者输血风险的关键预测因素.
主要方法:
- 在101,266名初级和8,594名修订THA患者的国家数据集上训练和验证了5个ML算法.
- 模型的性能被评估使用歧视 (AUC),校准 (斜率,拦截) 和Brier分数.
- 使用决策曲线分析来比较ML模型与传统策略.
主要成果:
- 手术前血红素值 (<39.4%) 和手术时间 (>157分钟) 分别是初级和修复THA的关键预测指标.
- 所有的ML模型都显示了对初级和修订THA的优异歧视 (AUC>0.8).
- 人工神经网络和弹性网物流回归模型表现出卓越的性能.
结论:
- 机构开发的ML算法用于预测THA输血风险被成功验证.
- 这些ML工具显示出广泛临床应用的潜力,因为它们可以与国家数据进行概括.
- 与传统输血策略相比,经过验证的ML模型提供了更高的净收益.
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