富含DHA的鱼油和可可类醇的联合干预措施不会改善老年人的认知或大脑结构,有记忆障碍:来自CANN随机对照并行设计研究的结果
David Vauzour1, Andrew Scholey2, David J White2
1Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia (UEA), Norwich, United Kingdom.
The American journal of clinical nutrition
|June 14, 2023
概括
结合omega-3脂肪酸 (EPA/DHA) 和可可黄醇并没有改善老年人记忆障碍的认知功能. 干预没有显示出认知效益,执行功能和皮质体积下降.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 老年学是一门学科.
背景情况:
- 已知欧米茄-3长链多不和脂肪酸 (PUFA),特别是埃可萨氨酸 (EPA) 和多可萨氨酸 (DHA),有助于支持认知功能.
- 此外,可可黄也对各种人群的认知表现产生了潜在的益处.
- EPA/DHA和可可黄对认知的联合影响,特别是在有记忆障碍的老年人中,仍然在很大程度上未被探索.
研究的目的:
- 评估联合EPA/DHA和可可黄补充剂对经历记忆问题的老年人认知表现的协同或添加效应.
- 评估这种联合干预对特定大脑结构和神经生物学标记物的影响.
- 为了确定辅助补充剂是否与单个成分或安慰剂相比提供更优越的认知益处.
主要方法:
- 一个随机的,安慰剂对照试验,涉及259名被诊断患有主观认知障碍或轻度认知障碍的老年人.
- 参与者在12个月内接受了富含DHA的鱼油 (1.1g/d DHA,0.4g/d EPA) 与富含黄的黑巧克力 (500 mg/d flavan-3-ols) 或安慰剂.
- 包括图像识别任务在内的认知评估在基线,3个月和12个月进行. 还分析了神经成像和生物化学标记 (脂质,BDNF,葡萄糖).
主要成果:
- 综合干预 (OM3FLAV) 在初级认知结果中没有显著改善. 然而,它对反应时间的变化,警觉和执行功能产生了负面影响,与对照组相比呈现下降.
- 结构神经成像显示,OM3FLAV组与对照组相比,皮质体积显著减少.
- 代谢变化包括血HDL,总胆固醇比率和葡萄糖的增加,以及OM3FLAV组的甘油三酸度降低,证实了干预的遵守.
结论:
- 在12个月内与omega-3PUFAs和可可黄一起补充并没有提高认知障碍患者的认知结果.
- 干预导致对执行功能和皮质体积产生不良影响,这表明潜在的风险.
- 需要进一步的研究来了解复杂的相互作用和在老龄化人口中结合这些补充剂的潜在禁忌.
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