在年轻和年长的成年人中,主观意识到驾驶时的嗜睡
Anna W T Cai1, Jessica E Manousakis1, Bikram Singh1
1Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
Journal of sleep research
|June 14, 2023
概括
老年和年轻的司机可以评估嗜睡,但主观评级根据年龄不同预测驾驶障碍. 需要针对老年人进行量身定制的道路安全活动,重点关注特定的嗜睡指标.
科学领域:
- 道路交通安全问题 道路安全问题
- 人类因素 人类因素
- 老年学是一门学科.
背景情况:
- 准确的驾驶员昏昏欲睡的评估对于安全活动至关重要.
- 老年驾驶员是道路使用者的重要群体,但在睡眠问题上缺乏研究.
- 需要现实世界的驾驶环境来评估主观的嗜睡感知.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较主观嗜睡评级在预测年轻和老年司机驾驶障碍和生理性嗜睡方面的准确性.
- 确定不同年龄组最可靠的主观睡眠度量.
- 为老年驾驶员制定有针对性的道路安全教育活动提供信息.
主要方法:
- 16名年轻人 (21-33岁) 和17名老年人 (50-65岁) 在休息和睡眠不足 (29小时) 的条件下完成了为期2小时的仪器驾驶.
- 用卡罗林斯卡睡眠度量 (KSS),入睡概率度量和睡眠症状问卷,每15分钟测量主观睡眠.
- 客观测量包括车道偏差,接近撞车事件和眼睛的昏昏欲睡指数.
主要成果:
- 所有主观的嗜睡指标都增加了两个年龄组的睡眠剥夺 (p < 0.013).
- 主观嗜睡预测了年轻成年人的驾驶障碍和嗜睡 (OR: 1.7-15.6,p < 0.02).
- 对于老年人来说,只有KSS,入睡的可能性和"难以留在车道上"预测了损伤 (OR:2.76-2.86,p = 0.02),这表明睡眠感知或目标损伤的潜在差异.
结论:
- 无论是年轻的还是年长的司机,他们都意识到自己的嗜睡.
- 预测驾驶障碍的最有效的主观嗜睡量表可能在不同年龄组之间有所不同.
- 需要对最佳主观措施进行进一步的研究,以提供事故风险评估和针对老年人定制的道路安全活动的信息.
相关概念视频
Narcolepsy
155
Narcolepsy is a chronic sleep disorder characterized by pervasive, uncontrolled sleepiness and other sleep disturbances. One of its hallmark symptoms is an abrupt transition to REM sleep upon falling asleep, which causes symptoms typically associated with this phase to occur unexpectedly during wakefulness. These include the following symptoms, which typically last from a minute or two to half an hour.
155
Insufficient Sleep and Sleep Deprivation
184
Insufficient sleep refers to not getting the recommended amount of sleep for optimal functioning, even if it's just slightly less than needed. Sleep insufficiency may occur due to lifestyle choices, such as staying up late for social events or work, resulting in routinely getting less sleep than required. For example, consistently sleeping 6 hours when the body needs 7-9 hours can lead to cumulative effects on health and well-being.
Sleep deprivation is a more severe form of sleep loss...
Sleep deprivation is a more severe form of sleep loss...
184
Substance Use Disorders Affecting Sleep
199
Substance use disorders involve a pattern of using drugs more extensively than intended and continuing use despite harmful consequences. This includes legal substances like alcohol and nicotine, as well as illegal drugs. These disorders often involve both physical and psychological dependence, reflecting compulsive use of substances that significantly alter thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, contributing to a major public health issue.
Understanding the concepts of physical dependence,...
Understanding the concepts of physical dependence,...
199
Sleepwalking and Sleep Talking
202
Somnambulism, commonly known as sleepwalking, involves individuals engaging in activities ranging from simple walking to more complex behaviors such as driving. Sleepwalking typically occurs during the slow-wave sleep stages 3 and 4 early in the night when the person is not dreaming, contradicting the myth that sleepwalkers are acting out their dreams.
Factors that increase the likelihood of sleepwalking include sleep deprivation and alcohol consumption. Contrary to common beliefs, it is safe...
Factors that increase the likelihood of sleepwalking include sleep deprivation and alcohol consumption. Contrary to common beliefs, it is safe...
202
High-Level and Low-Level Awareness
295
Controlled processes in human consciousness represent high-alert mental states where individuals deliberately focus their attention on achieving specific goals. Controlled processes can be seen in situations like mastering new technology, where a person might become so absorbed that they ignore surrounding distractions. Such processes involve selective attention, requiring one to concentrate on particular elements of experience while disregarding others. These are governed by executive...
295
Subconsciousness and No Awareness
274
The concept of subconscious awareness refers to the processing of information below the level of conscious thought, which significantly influences both behaviors and decisions. It is also known as waking subconscious awareness. This complex level of cognition operates without the direct awareness of the individual, facilitating rapid and simultaneous handling of multiple information streams.
An illustrative example of subconscious processing is its role in problem-solving. Often, individuals...
An illustrative example of subconscious processing is its role in problem-solving. Often, individuals...
274


