与差异性大脑相关的不同级别的视觉空间能力与自闭症中潜在的视觉心理细分过程相关
Véronique D Thérien1,2, Janie Degré-Pelletier1,2, Elise B Barbeau1
1Laboratory on Intelligence and Development in Autism, Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada.
Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)
|June 15, 2023
概括
具有卓越视觉空间技能的自闭症成年人在视觉任务中显示出不同的大脑活动模式. 这凸显了通过检查特定的认知子组来理解自闭症异质性的需要.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 认知科学 认知科学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
背景情况:
- 自闭症的特点是多样化的认知特征,包括一些个体的增强视觉空间能力.
- 在自闭症成年人中,特别是那些具有块设计 (BD) 峰值的人中,高级视觉处理的神经基础仍然不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究大脑活动和功能连接的基础视觉细分在自闭症成年人和没有BD峰值.
- 探索感知凝聚力 (PC) 如何影响这些独特的自闭症子组的神经处理.
主要方法:
- 功能性磁共振成像 (fMRI) 用于研究31名自闭症男性 (15名有BD峰值,16名没有) 和28名典型对照.
- 参与者完成了一项计算机化适应的BD任务,具有不同程度的感知凝聚力.
主要成果:
- 自闭症子组 (AUTp,AUTnp) 呈现出比典型对照组 (TYP) 更高的尾激活.
- 在AUTp组,后视区域的连接性增加,前额-椎-部连接性降低.
- AUTp参与者表现出PC在额头和顶区域的调制减少,这表明他们依赖于低级处理.
结论:
- 自闭症中增强的视觉处理与特定的认知表型有关,例如优越的视觉空间能力.
- 自闭症异质性需要研究样本的详细认知特征,以便准确地解释研究结果.
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