全身运动适应在不稳定的,不规则的,符合规定的表面上运行
M Mohr1, L Peer1, A De Michiel1
1Department of Sport Science, Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
Sports biomechanics
|June 15, 2023
概括
在木等不稳定的表面上跑步会导致跑步者采取更缩的步态,并增加一步到步的变化. 这种步态适应有助于管理表面干扰,但可能会增加过度使用伤害的风险.
科学领域:
- 生物力学 生物力学
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 人类运动分析 人类运动分析
背景情况:
- 跑在不同的地形上,例如木,与跑在青等稳定的表面上有很大不同.
- 了解动力学适应不稳定的跑步面对运动员,特别是步道跑步者的伤害预防和性能优化至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究与稳定的青表面相比,在不稳定,不规则和符合木表面上运行时全身运动适应.
- 检查不稳定的表面对步行模式和步骤变化的影响.
- 评估在不稳定的表面上跑步是否会在多个测试日内使步态优化.
主要方法:
- 十五名跑步者参与了这项研究,他们在五天的测试中在木和青轨道上跑步.
- 用惯性运动捕捉技术捕捉全身运动.
- 用主要成分分析分析了关节角度和步骤到步骤的变化,并进行了表面对日方差异分析.
主要成果:
- 在木轨道上跑步导致了更缩的步态模式,其特点是腿部曲的增加和前方的干部倾斜,与在青上跑步相比.
- 在木片表面的大多数主要运行运动中观察到更高的步骤变化.
- 在多个测试日内,脚步对脚步的变化没有显示出系统的变化,这表明在研究期间没有显著的步态优化.
结论:
- 在不稳定,不规则和符合规定的表面上运行,需要一种步态模式和控制策略,以增强对表面干扰的强度.
- 观察到的动力学适应,虽然可能有助于防止直接的表面诱导的跌倒,但可能会带来过度使用伤害的风险,因变化的运动模式导致的小径跑者过度使用伤害.
- 需要进一步的研究,以充分阐明与这些动力学适应性相关的长期伤害风险.
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