相关实验视频
Updated: Jul 26, 2025

04:48
Control of Eating Behavior Using a Novel Feedback System
Published on: May 8, 2018
11.0K
在超重的发展中基因与环境的相互作用
Marthe de Roo1, Catharina Hartman2, René Veenstra3
1Faculty of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Department of Pedagogy and Educational Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
概括
较高的遗传倾向增加了青少年和年轻成年人的超重风险. 这种遗传影响并没有被社会经济地位或活跃的父母所抵消,这些父母的社会经济地位较低.
科学领域:
- 遗传学 遗传学 是一个
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
背景情况:
- 年轻人超重是一个复杂的问题,受遗传和环境因素的影响.
- 基因与环境相互作用 (G×E) 越来越多地使用个体遗传数据进行研究.
- 了解对超重的遗传倾向对于有针对性的干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 检查遗传倾向对从青春期到早期成年期的超重轨迹的影响.
- 为了确定更高的社会经济地位和父母的体力活动是否会减轻对超重的遗传倾向.
- 为了研究基因环境相互作用在超重的发展.
主要方法:
- 潜阶级增长模型被用来分析大量青少年队列 (n=2720) 的超重轨迹.
- 身体质量指数 (BMI) 的多基因评分来自一项大型全基因组关联研究 (N=~700,000).
- 多项物流回归模型测试了遗传倾向,社会经济地位和父母身体活动之间的相互作用.
主要成果:
- 确定了三种不同的超重轨迹:非超重,青少年开始超重和持续超重.
- 针对BMI和社会经济地位的多基因评分预测了与非超重人群相比,持续性和青少年开始超重的轨迹.
- 遗传倾向,但不是G×E,区分青少年开始和持续超重.
结论:
- 较高的遗传倾向与青春期和年轻成年期体重过重的风险增加和早期发病有关.
- 社会经济地位和父母的体力活动并没有缓解过重的遗传倾向.
- 较低的社会经济地位和更高的遗传倾向作为增加的风险因素,导致超重的发展.
相关概念视频
Gene-Environment Interactions
376
Gene expression is a dynamic process that is significantly influenced by environmental factors. This interaction underlies the complex nature of biological development and the phenotypic differences observed among individuals, even among those with identical genetic makeups. Factors such as radiation, temperature, behavior, nutrition, and stress play pivotal roles in determining how genes are expressed. The concept of the reaction range is central to understanding this interaction. It posits...
376
Background and Environment Affect Phenotype
6.6K
Although the genetic makeup of an organism plays a major role in determining the phenotype, there are also several environmental factors, such as temperature, oxygen availability, presence of mutagens, that can alter an organism’s phenotype.
An example of how genetic background affects phenotype can be seen in horses. The Extension gene in horses is responsible for their coat color. A wild-type gene (EE) produces black pigment in the coat, while a mutant gene (ee) produces red pigment. A...
An example of how genetic background affects phenotype can be seen in horses. The Extension gene in horses is responsible for their coat color. A wild-type gene (EE) produces black pigment in the coat, while a mutant gene (ee) produces red pigment. A...
6.6K
Human Genetics
628
Human genetics provides a profound framework for understanding the interplay between genetic predispositions and human psychology. At the heart of this discipline lies the study of how genes influence physical traits, behaviors, and susceptibility to diseases. Each person carries a unique genetic code that subtly or significantly shapes their psychological and behavioral landscape.
The complex relationship between genetics and psychology is observable through common biological components such...
The complex relationship between genetics and psychology is observable through common biological components such...
628
Obesity
549
The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a numerical value derived from a person's weight and height, used to categorize individuals into weight ranges. It is calculated using the formula: weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Obesity is a health condition characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue that poses health risks, often diagnosed with a BMI ≥ 30. This excess fat storage occurs when surplus dietary calories are converted into triglycerides and stored in...
549
Nature and Nurture
20.6K
Many human characteristics, like height, are shaped by both nature—in other words, by our genes—and by nurture, or our environment. For example, chronic stress during childhood inhibits the production of growth hormones and consequently reduces bone growth and height. Scientists estimate that 70-90% of variation in height is due to genetic differences among individuals, and 10-30% of variation in height is due to differences in the environments that individuals experience,...
20.6K
Bulimia Nervosa
166
Bulimia nervosa is a complex and severe eating disorder characterized by a cyclical pattern of binge-and-purge eating pattern. It generally involves an episode of binge eating, followed by compensatory behaviors such as vomiting, excessive exercise, laxative use, or fasting, to prevent weight gain. Despite often maintaining a normal weight, individuals with bulimia are intensely preoccupied with their body image and harbor an overwhelming fear of gaining weight. This can contribute to the...
166

