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英国马蝙蝠的沙尔贝病毒;序列变异和流行病学

Ternenge Apaa^1,2, Amy J Withers^1,2, Ceri Staley¹

¹School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, UK.

The Journal of general virology

|June 15, 2023

概括

沙尔贝病毒在英国较小的马蝙蝠 (Rhinolophus hipposideros) 中广泛存在,但在较大的马蝙蝠 (R. ferrumequinum) 中没有. 已识别的蝙蝠沙贝科病毒缺乏关键特征,这使得人类感染不太可能.

科学领域:

病毒学病毒学
蝙蝠生态学蝙蝠生态学
流行病学流行病学

背景情况:

马蝙蝠是sarbecoviruses的天然宿主,该亚属包括SARS-CoV和SARS-CoV-2.
关于自然蝙蝠宿主中的萨尔贝科病毒流行病学和病毒学知识有限,这会影响流行病的准备.
随着COVID-19的流行,人们需要了解蝙蝠群体中的病毒循环.

研究的目的:

调查两种英国马蝙蝠物种中萨尔贝科病毒的流行情况:Rhinolophus hipposideros和R. ferrumequinum.
为了描述检测到的萨尔贝科病毒的遗传构成.
评估人类或跨物种传播的可能性.

主要方法:

在英国对R. hipposideros和R. ferrumequinum蝙蝠的便样本进行PCR测试 (2021-22年).
用于检测的sarbecovirus特定的定量PCR (qPCR).
对阳性样本进行全基因组测序 (Illumina RNAseq).
遗传学分析以确定遗传关系.

主要成果:

在R. ferrumequinum中没有检测到任何沙贝科病毒.
44-56%的R. hipposideros便样本检测出沙贝科病毒.
被测序的蝙蝠sarbecoviruses形成了一个独特的分类,与欧洲R.hipposideros分离物密切相关.
检测到的病毒缺乏SARS-CoV-2的furin分裂部位,这表明人类感染潜力较低.
没有证据表明R. hipposideros和R. ferrumequinum之间的跨物种传播,尽管共享.

结论:

沙贝科病毒感染在英国R. hipposideros种群中很普遍.
检测到的sarbecoviruses与SARS-CoV-2不同,不太可能感染人类.
研究结果表明,SARS-CoV-2从人类扩散到这些蝙蝠种群是有限的,并且蝙蝠种之间没有跨物种传播.

关键词:

里诺洛弗斯 (Rhinolophus ferrumequinum) 是一个铁类动物.里诺洛弗斯 (Rhinolophus hipposideros) 是一种鱼类.英国英国英国英国英国.冠状病毒冠状病毒的新冠病毒.马蝙蝠是一种马蝙蝠.沙贝科病毒 (Sarbecovirus) 是一种病毒.

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