通过食纤维对肠道微生物群和相关代谢物进行有针对性的修改
Qixing Nie1, Yonggan Sun1, Mingzhi Li1
1State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China.
Carbohydrate polymers
|June 15, 2023
概括
不同的食纤维可以选择性地改变大鼠的肠道微生物群和代谢物. 值得注意的是,所有测试的纤维都减少了有害的Clostridium perfringens和Bacteroides fragilis,支持它们在肠道健康中的作用.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 代谢学 代谢学 代谢学
背景情况:
- 饮食纤维摄入量对于维持宿主平衡和整体健康至关重要.
- 了解各种纤维类型对肠道微生物群的具体影响,对于有针对性的健康干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在大鼠模型中研究各种食纤维对肠道微生物群组成和相关代谢物的影响.
- 确定不同纤维如何调节肠道生态系统的共同点和特点.
主要方法:
- 在健康的老鼠中补充了九种不同的食纤维:瓜尔,胡卜素,葡萄甘,β-葡萄糖,阿拉比诺克西兰,果果丁,西兰,阿拉比诺格拉克坦和桑坦.
- 分析肠道微生物群丰富度和关键代谢物概况的变化,以应对纤维补充.
主要成果:
- 食纤维选择性地调节了特定肠道细菌的丰富性,包括Phascolarctobacterium,Prevotella,Treponema,Butyricimonas,Bacteroides和Lactobacillus的增加.
- 所有测试的纤维都显示了Clostridium perfringens和Bacteroides fragilis的丰富性减少.
- 补充β-葡萄糖显著增加了醇-3-乳酸,突出了与Lactobacillus的联系,某些Bacteroides物种被证实是醇-3-乳酸,醇-3-酸和kynurenine的生产者.
结论:
- 食纤维对肠道微生物群和代谢物概况产生常见和特异性影响.
- 所有测试的纤维减少了特定的致病细菌,这突显了它们的一般健康益处.
- 研究结果为制定旨在通过纤维修饰优化肠道微生态的饮食指南提供了宝贵的见解.
相关概念视频
01:29Bacterial Flora of the Large Intestine
531
The gut microbiome is formed by a vast and diverse community of bacteria that colonizes our large intestine. These bacteria start residing in the gut from birth and continue diversifying throughout life, influenced by factors such as diet, lifestyle, and stress. The gut bacterial community also includes bacteria from food and those that enter the colon through the anus.
The normal gut flora of the colon plays a critical role in generating essential vitamins such as vitamins K, B5, and B7.
The normal gut flora of the colon plays a critical role in generating essential vitamins such as vitamins K, B5, and B7.
531
01:30Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy
362
Various diagnostic tests are employed in the diagnostic process for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), particularly to differentiate between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
Diagnostic studies
A colonoscopy is the definitive screening test, distinguishing ulcerative colitis from other colon diseases with similar symptoms. During a colonoscopy test, inflamed mucosa with exudate ulcerations can be observed, and biopsies are taken to determine the histologic characteristics of the...
Diagnostic studies
A colonoscopy is the definitive screening test, distinguishing ulcerative colitis from other colon diseases with similar symptoms. During a colonoscopy test, inflamed mucosa with exudate ulcerations can be observed, and biopsies are taken to determine the histologic characteristics of the...
362
01:50What is Monogastric Digestion?
71.7K
The human body contains a monogastric digestive system. In a monogastric digestive system, the stomach only contains one chamber in which it digests food. Several other animal species also have monogastric digestive systems, including pigs, horses, dogs, and birds. This chapter, however, focuses on the human digestive system.
71.7K
01:17Irritable Bowel Syndrome I: Introduction
326
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is characterized by functional disturbances in the gastrointestinal system, presenting a cluster of symptoms without evident structural or biochemical abnormalities. It primarily affects the large intestine and may cause abdominal pain, bloating, excessive gas, diarrhea, constipation, or both.
IBS is a chronic condition that can persist over a long period or recur frequently.
The pathogenesis of IBS involves a complex interplay of the following factors:
Altered...
IBS is a chronic condition that can persist over a long period or recur frequently.
The pathogenesis of IBS involves a complex interplay of the following factors:
Altered...
326
01:21Drugs for Treatment of Constipation-Predominant IBS
232
Pharmacological therapies for IBS-C are designed to alleviate abdominal discomfort and enhance bowel function. In patients with IBS-C, fiber supplements may help soften stools and decrease straining, but may also lead to increased gas production and bloating. Osmotic laxatives like milk of magnesia are frequently used to soften stools and increase stool frequency in IBS-C patients. In addition, two drugs approved for use in severe IBS-C adult cases are linaclotide (Linzess) and lubiprostone...
232
01:23Anatomy of the Intestines
72.6K
Although digestion of proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids may begin in the stomach, it is completed in the intestine. The absorption of nutrients, water, and electrolytes from food and drink also occurs in the intestine. The intestines can be divided into two structurally distinct organs—the small and large intestines.
Small Intestines
The small intestine is an ~7 meter-long tube with an inner diameter of just 2.5 cm. Since most nutrients are absorbed here, the inner lining of the...
Small Intestines
The small intestine is an ~7 meter-long tube with an inner diameter of just 2.5 cm. Since most nutrients are absorbed here, the inner lining of the...
72.6K