针对卫生工作者的国家疫苗接种政策 - 一个跨部门的全球概述
Stacy Young1, Shoshanna Goldin2, Laure Dumolard2
1Independent Consultant, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Vaccine
|June 15, 2023
概括
针对卫生工作者疫苗接种的国家政策在全球范围内有所不同,许多国家缺乏全面的计划. 加强现有的免疫计划是改善卫生工作者对疫苗可预防疾病的保护的关键.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 卫生工作者在职业环境中面临疫苗可预防疾病 (VPD) 的风险.
- 关于国家卫生工作者疫苗接种政策的全球流行率和范围的数据有限.
- 了解这些计划对于资源分配和改善疫苗接种率至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估国家卫生工作者疫苗接种政策的全球格局.
- 确定现有的卫生工作者免疫计划的特点.
- 为提高医疗保健专业人员疫苗接种覆盖率的战略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 一次性补充调查分发给世界卫生组织 (WHO) 成员国.
- 该调查使用了世卫组织/联合国儿童基金会免疫联合报告表 (JRF),收集了关于2020年卫生工作者国家疫苗接种政策的数据.
- 受访者详细介绍了VPD政策,支持机制,监测和紧急情况.
主要成果:
- 53%的成员国报告了卫生工作者政策,51个国家有国家政策,10个计划新政策,20个国家有地方政策,22个国家没有政策.
- 乙型肝炎,季节性流感和麻疹通常被列入政策.
- 监测和促进疫苗接种发生在许多国家,无论国家政策的地位.
结论:
- 国家卫生工作者疫苗接种政策复杂,因地区和收入水平而异.
- 有机会开发和加强卫生工作者的国家免疫计划.
- 利用现有计划可以作为更广泛的政策实施的基础.
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