使用ACE2的与MERS相关的冠状病毒的广泛宿主热带以及限制病毒识别的决定因素
Chengbao Ma1, Chen Liu1, Qing Xiong1
1State Key Laboratory of Virology, Institute for Vaccine Research and Modern Virology Research Center, College of Life Sciences, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
Cell discovery
|June 15, 2023
概括
两个中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒 (MERS-CoV) 相关的病毒,NeoCoV和PDF-2180,表现出广泛的哺乳动物ACE2受体识别,表明潜在的动物感染风险. 它们的宿主范围受到特定的ACE2相互作用的影响,特别是残留物305.
科学领域:
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 动物传播疾病 动物传播疾病
背景情况:
- 中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒 (MERS-CoV) 相关的病毒NeoCoV和PDF-2180利用血管素转化酶2 (ACE2) 进入细胞.
- 这些病毒的宿主范围和跨物种传播能力在很大程度上是未知的,特别是它们与人类ACE2的相互作用.
研究的目的:
- 描述NeoCoV和PDF-2180.0的特定物种受体偏好.
- 确定控制这些MERS相关病毒宿主热带的分子决定因素.
主要方法:
- 用49种蝙蝠和53种非蝙蝠哺乳动物的ACE2正义词进行了受体结合域 (RBD) 结合和伪病毒进入测试.
- 对蝙蝠进行了遗传和结构分析ACE2 orthologues.
- 人类和蝙蝠细胞中的功能测定证实了已识别的宿主范围的决定因素.
主要成果:
- 新冠肺炎和PDF-2180在非蝙蝠哺乳动物中表现出广泛的ACE2识别能力,但大多数Yingpterochiropteran蝙蝠ACE2的使用有限.
- 在ACE2中确定了四个关键宿主范围的决定因素,其中残留物305在宿主热带中发挥着关键作用,特别是在非蝙蝠哺乳动物中.
- 产生了具有增强人类ACE2识别的NeoCoV和PDF-2180的突变,扩大了它们的潜在宿主范围.
结论:
- 该研究阐明了MERS相关病毒对物种特异性ACE2使用的分子基础.
- 这些发现突出了与NeoCoV和PDF-2180相关的潜在动物传播风险,因为它们具有广泛的受体识别能力.
- 特定的ACE2残留物,如残留物305,对于确定这些病毒的宿主热带性至关重要.
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