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相关概念视频

Primary Lymphoid Organs01:16

Primary Lymphoid Organs

1.7K
Primary lymphoid organs are pivotal in the formation, development, and maturation of lymphocytes, the white blood cells that serve as the backbone of our immune system. This crucial function underscores their fundamental role in maintaining our overall health and immunity. The two primary lymphoid organs of prime importance are the red bone marrow and the thymus.
The red bone marrow is a soft, spongy tissue nestled in the interior of long bones such as the humerus and femur. It is the site...
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Secondary Lymphoid Organs01:15

Secondary Lymphoid Organs

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Secondary organs, including lymph nodes, the spleen, and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT), work harmoniously to protect us from disease and infection.
The spleen is a vital organ in the lymphatic system, nestled in the upper left side of the abdomen. It is composed of two primary regions: the red pulp and the white pulp, each having distinct functions. The red pulp performs a significant role in blood filtration. It efficiently purges the blood of old or damaged red blood cells and...
1.7K
Lymphoid Cells and Tissues01:18

Lymphoid Cells and Tissues

1.3K
Lymphoid cells and tissues are integral to the immune system, which is crucial in maintaining our body's defense against harmful pathogens. They form the building blocks of lymphoid organs, which include the spleen, thymus, and lymph nodes.
Lymphoid cells consist of various types of immune system cells. These include B and T lymphocytes, which are responsible for producing antibodies and killing infected cells, respectively. Dendritic cells act as messengers between the innate and adaptive...
1.3K
Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response01:23

Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response

1.1K
The T and B lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system develop from common lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. These progenitors give rise to precursors that eventually develop into both T and B lymphocytes. As these precursors mature, they gain the ability to detect and respond to foreign antigens in the body, a process known as immunocompetence. Additionally, these precursors acquire self-tolerance, a process that ensures they do not react to self-antigens. This intricate system...
1.1K
Functions of the Lymphatic and Immune System01:28

Functions of the Lymphatic and Immune System

3.8K
The lymphatic system plays a crucial role in bolstering our immune system. It consists of a network of lymphoid organs, lymph, and lymphatic vessels that provide structural and functional support in safeguarding the body against pathogens such as viruses and bacteria.
The primary lymphoid organs, including the bone marrow and the thymus, serve as the maturation sites for lymphocytes. Secondary lymphoid organs, like the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue, activate these lymphocytes and serve as...
3.8K
Peripheral Nervous System: Ganglia and Nerves01:24

Peripheral Nervous System: Ganglia and Nerves

2.1K
The Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) is a crucial component of the body's neural network, extending beyond the central nervous system (CNS) to bridge the gap between the CNS and the external environment. It encompasses nerves, ganglia, and sensory receptors.
Nerves
The nerve is a bundle of axons that serves as the communication highway in the PNS. Each nerve is ensheathed in a protective layer of connective tissue called the epineurium. This outermost layer safeguards the nerve and supports the...
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相关实验视频

Updated: Jul 26, 2025

Tumor Engraftment in a Xenograft Mouse Model of Human Mantle Cell Lymphoma
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Tumor Engraftment in a Xenograft Mouse Model of Human Mantle Cell Lymphoma

Published on: March 30, 2018

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主要中枢神经系统淋巴瘤

Andrés J M Ferreri1, Teresa Calimeri2, Kate Cwynarski3

  • 1Lymphoma Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy. ferreri.andres@hsr.it.

Nature reviews. Disease primers
|June 15, 2023
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

主要中枢神经系统淋巴瘤 (PCNSL) 是一种罕见的脑癌. 目前的治疗方法具有挑战性,许多患者经历了复发,这凸显了改善治疗方法的必要性.

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Flow Cytometric Analysis of Lymphocyte Infiltration in Central Nervous System during Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
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Isolation and Flow Cytometric Analysis of Glioma-infiltrating Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells
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Last Updated: Jul 26, 2025

Tumor Engraftment in a Xenograft Mouse Model of Human Mantle Cell Lymphoma
10:52

Tumor Engraftment in a Xenograft Mouse Model of Human Mantle Cell Lymphoma

Published on: March 30, 2018

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Flow Cytometric Analysis of Lymphocyte Infiltration in Central Nervous System during Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
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Isolation and Flow Cytometric Analysis of Glioma-infiltrating Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells
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Isolation and Flow Cytometric Analysis of Glioma-infiltrating Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells

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科学领域:

  • 神经瘤学神经瘤学
  • 血液学 血液学 血液学
  • 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学

背景情况:

  • 主要中枢神经系统淋巴瘤 (PCNSL) 是一种扩散型大B细胞淋巴瘤,只影响大脑,脊髓,瘤和/或眼睛.
  • 它的病理生理学涉及免疫球蛋白与中枢神经系统自身蛋白质结合,并改变了信号通路 (B细胞受体,Toll类受体,NF-κB),免疫细胞和细胞因子的贡献.
  • 临床表现不同,取决于所涉及的特定中枢神经系统区域.

研究的目的:

  • 为了提供一个全面的概述初级中枢神经系统淋巴瘤 (PCNSL).
  • 讨论目前对PCNSL病理生理学,临床表现和标准治疗方法的理解.
  • 突出治疗方面的挑战,包括反应率,复发和进一步研究的需要.

主要方法:

  • 审查关于初级中枢神经系统淋巴瘤 (PCNSL) 的现有文献.
  • 分析当前的标准护理方案,包括化疗,干细胞移植和放射治疗.
  • 讨论影响不同患者群体治疗决策的因素.

主要成果:

  • 标准治疗包括基于甲基的多化学疗法,其次是自身干细胞移植或放射治疗.
  • 很大一部分患者 (15-25%) 对化疗没有反应,25-50%的患者在初始反应后复发.
  • 老年患者的复发率更高,复发后的预后通常不好,无论年龄如何.

结论:

  • 尽管目前有治疗方法,但由于治疗耐药性和高复发率,PCNSL存在重大挑战.
  • 进一步的研究对于识别诊断生物标志物,开发更有效,更少的神经毒性疗法以及探索免疫疗法和采用细胞疗法等新型治疗策略至关重要.
  • 改善药物透到中枢神经系统 (CNS) 仍然是治疗进步的关键领域.