一个平衡行为:非指导性沟通,风险感知和满足患者遗传咨询需求:南非案例研究
Megan Scott1, Jennifer Watermeyer1, Tina-Marie Wessels2
1The Health Communication Research Unit (HCRU), School of Human & Community Development, Faculty of Humanities, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Journal of genetic counseling
|June 16, 2023
概括
遗传咨询 (GC) 实践面临着对其非指导性方法的挑战,特别是在不同的环境中. 这项研究揭示了不同的风险感知如何影响南非产前护理的沟通和咨询指导.
科学领域:
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
- 社会语言学 社会语言学
- 医疗保健通讯 医疗保健通讯
背景情况:
- 遗传咨询 (GC) 传统上坚持一种非指导性的方法.
- 由于复杂的基因测试和患者的不同期望,患者主导的GC服务的可行性和可取性存在争论.
- 有限的研究探讨了非西方背景下的GC通信动态.
研究的目的:
- 在南非的产前遗传咨询咨询中,提出关于非指导性沟通复杂性的经验证据.
- 分析由遗传咨询师和患者之间的不同风险感知和期望引起的紧张关系.
- 调查这些紧张关系如何影响GC实践和遵守非指令原则.
主要方法:
- 南非开普敦的一个单一产前GC咨询的案例研究.
- 使用混合社会语言方法,整合对话分析 (CA) 和以主题为导向的话语分析 (TODA).
- 专注于与风险和不确定性披露以及患者决策相关的沟通模式.
主要成果:
- 该案例研究表明,在某些情况下,遗传咨询师隐式和明确地指令,可能揭示个人风险感知.
- 在遵守非指令性指导方针和响应患者直接咨询请求之间发现了冲突.
- 突出了传递风险信息的挑战,同时鼓励患者反思而不强加个人观点.
结论:
- GC沟通是复杂的,特别是在不同的文化背景下,影响了非指令原则的应用.
- 遗传咨询师可能在专业指导方针和患者支持需求之间陷入困境.
- 对GC实践的进一步反思对于开发适合环境的方法来支持患者做出困难决策至关重要.
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