慢性阻塞性肺病患者的空气污染和死亡率:韩国的一组研究
Suna Kang1,2, Yun Soo Hong3, Jihwan Park3
1Korea Environment Institute, Sicheong-daero, Sejong, South Korea.
Therapeutic advances in chronic disease
|June 16, 2023
概括
长期暴露于颗粒物 (PM10) 和二氧化 (NO2) 并没有增加COPD患者的整体死亡率. 然而,这些污染物与慢性下呼吸道疾病死亡率的增加有关,特别是在体重不足且严重恶化的人群中.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 肺部医学 肺部医学
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 关于长期暴露于空气污染对慢性阻塞性肺病 (COPD) 患者死亡风险的影响的证据有限.
- 调查特定空气污染物与COPD死亡率之间的关联对公共卫生至关重要.
- 了解这些风险可以为有针对性的干预和政策制定提供信息.
研究的目的:
- 研究长期暴露于PM10和NO2与COPD患者的整体和疾病特异性死亡率之间的关联.
- 量化与PM10和NO2平均度在1,3年和5年的变化相关的死亡风险.
- 确定可能更容易受到空气污染影响的COPD患者的子组.
主要方法:
- 一项全国性的回顾性队列研究,涉及121,423名被诊断患有COPD的成年人.
- 使用普通 kriging 方法估计住宅对 PM10 和 NO2 的暴露.
- 应用Cox比例危险模型和Fine和Grey方法来评估死亡风险,以多个共同变量进行调整.
主要成果:
- 长期暴露于PM10和NO2与COPD患者的整体死亡率没有显著关联.
- 暴露于PM10和NO2与慢性下呼吸道疾病的死亡率增加有关.
- 分层分析显示PM10和NO2暴露与体重不足的COPD患者的整体死亡率之间存在关联,这些患者有严重恶化的病史.
结论:
- 长期暴露于PM10和NO2与COPD患者的整体死亡率增加无关.
- 这些空气污染物与COPD患者的慢性下呼吸道疾病增加的死亡率有关.
- 易受伤害的子组,包括体重不足的个人和有严重恶化的病史的人,当暴露于PM10和NO2时,面临着较高的整体死亡风险.
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