更高的税收和更少的工作:逆转"跟上斯"和日益增长的不平等
Felix FitzRoy1, Jim Jin1, Michael Nolan2
1School of Economics and Finance, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9AL UK.
Journal of economics (Vienna, Austria : Online)
|June 16, 2023
概括
更高的最佳税收可以减少由社会比较引起的经济效率低下和不平等. 这种税收政策可以令人惊地减少劳动力供应和不平等,甚至可以扭转"跟上斯"效应.
科学领域:
- 行为经济学是一种行为经济学.
- 公共财政是公共财政.
- 收入的不平等是因为收入不平等.
背景情况:
- 相对收入比较导致过度努力和经济效率低下.
- 现有的文献表明,与负外部性相等的税收可以抵消这一点.
- 最佳的税收政策需要考虑一般收入分配和社会福利.
研究的目的:
- 根据一般收入分配和社会福利功能来确定相对收入比较的最佳税收反应.
- 探索一种不需要不可观察的比较数据的实际税收政策.
- 分析这种税收对劳动力供应和收入不平等的影响.
主要方法:
- 一个经济体的理论建模,其中的行为者受到相对收入的关注.
- 在一般社会福利功能下推导最佳税收公式.
- 分析对劳动力供应和收入不平等的税收影响,重点关注密集的利率.
主要成果:
- 一个最佳的税率必须高于以前建议的税率,以解决低效率和不平等问题.
- 一个实际的税收策略包括保持就业不变,绕过对不可观察的比较数据的需求.
- 拟议的税收回应可以减少劳动力供应,扭转"跟上斯"效应,并减少日益增长的不平等.
结论:
- 在存在社会比较的情况下,最优的税收要求采取更强有力的反应来缓解不平等.
- 一个实用的,信息轻的税收政策可以有效地抵消消极的社会比较效应.
- 这种方法提供了一种新的方式,可以同时减少劳动力供应扭曲和收入不平等.
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