[人类rDNA的结构,表达和非法典功能:非编码区域的作用]
A A Sadova1,2,3, D Yu Panteleev1, G V Pavlova1,4,5
1Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology of RAS, Moscow, 117485 Russia.
Molekuliarnaia biologiia
|June 16, 2023
概括
核糖体内基因间隔器,虽然看似保存,显示显著的变化和功能. 它的失调与癌症和神经退行等疾病有关.
科学领域:
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
背景情况:
- 核糖体RNA (rRNA) 基因看起来是保存的,但表现出显著的结构和功能变异性.
- 核糖体DNA (rDNA) 的非编码区域包含调控元素,伪基因和microRNA基因.
- 核糖体内基因间隔器影响核细胞形态,rRNA表达,核糖体生物发生和染色体形成,调解细胞分化.
研究的目的:
- 审查当前关于人类核糖体内基因间隔器的结构和转录的知识.
- 阐明其在rRNA表达,先天性疾病和癌症发展中的作用.
主要方法:
- 对 ribosomal DNA 结构和功能现有研究的文献综述.
- 对研究研究核核糖体内基因间隔器的转录活性的分析.
- 综合数据,将间隔器变化与疾病病理联系起来.
主要成果:
- 核糖体内基因间隔器具有超越rRNA表达的多种功能,影响细胞过程,如染色体的形成和分化.
- 环境刺激可以改变非编码rDNA区域的表达,突出细胞应激反应.
- 这些区域的异常表达与瘤学,神经退行性疾病和精神疾病的发病有关.
结论:
- 核糖体间基因间隔器是基因组的动态和功能重要组成部分.
- 了解它的结构,转录和调节作用对于理解疾病机制至关重要.
- 对核糖体间基因间隔器的进一步研究可能会为各种病理揭示新的治疗点.
关键词:
在IGS-RNAs中.帕帕斯 (Papas) 是一个教父.促进者RNA是什么rDNADNA 的意思是rRNARNArRNARNARNARNARNARNARNARNARNARNARNARNARNARNARNARNARNARNARNARNARNARNARNARNARNARNARNARNARNARNARNARNARNARNARNARNARNARNARNARNARNARNA核糖体间基因间隔器的核糖体间隔器.更多相关视频
04:59Single Nucleotide Polymorphism-sensitive FISH Detection of Locus-specific Ribosomal RNA Transcription in Drosophila melanogaster
Published on: March 28, 2025
651
11:13CARIP-Seq and ChIP-Seq: Methods to Identify Chromatin-Associated RNAs and Protein-DNA Interactions in Embryonic Stem Cells
Published on: May 25, 2018
9.9K
相关概念视频
02:07Organization of Genes
68.8K
Overview
68.8K
01:28Prokaryotic Gene Structure and Organization
119
Prokaryotic genomes exhibit a streamlined organization of coding and non-coding regions essential for gene expression and protein synthesis. While coding regions contain the genetic instructions for proteins or functional RNAs, non-coding regions regulate the precise transcription and translation of these genes.Coding Regions: Proteins and RNAsThe primary coding regions, known as structural genes, include sequences transcribed into messenger RNA (mRNA) and ultimately translated into...
119
02:39lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs
8.7K
In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
8.7K
02:53Ribosomal RNA Synthesis
13.3K
Ribosome synthesis is a highly complex and coordinated process involving more than 200 assembly factors. The synthesis and processing of ribosomal components occurs not only in the nucleolus but also in the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
Ribosome biogenesis begins with the synthesis of 5S and 45S pre-rRNAs by distinct RNA polymerases. The primary transcripts are extensively processed and modified before they are bound and folded by ribosomal proteins and assembly factors,...
Ribosome biogenesis begins with the synthesis of 5S and 45S pre-rRNAs by distinct RNA polymerases. The primary transcripts are extensively processed and modified before they are bound and folded by ribosomal proteins and assembly factors,...
13.3K
01:20Types of RNA
5.9K
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA Performs Diverse...
RNA Performs Diverse...
5.9K
02:24Ribosome Profiling
3.6K
Ribosome profiling or ribo-sequencing is a deep sequencing technique that produces a snapshot of active translation in a cell. It selectively sequences the mRNAs protected by ribosomes to get an insight into a cell’s translation landscape at any given point in time.
Applications of ribosome profiling
Ribosome profiling has many applications, including in vivo monitoring of translation inside a particular organ or tissue type and quantifying new protein synthesis levels.
The technique...
Applications of ribosome profiling
Ribosome profiling has many applications, including in vivo monitoring of translation inside a particular organ or tissue type and quantifying new protein synthesis levels.
The technique...
3.6K