遗传学比较方法揭示了进化保守主义,祖先组成和脊椎动物肠道微生物群的整合
Benoît Perez-Lamarque1,2, Guilhem Sommeria-Klein3, Loréna Duret1
1Institut de Biologie de l'ENS (IBENS), École Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, Paris, France.
Molecular biology and evolution
|June 16, 2023
概括
与宿主相关的微生物群落显示出显著的进化保护,在哺乳动物和鸟类中,肠道微生物群组成的某些方面在数百万年内保持稳定,这表明了深厚的进化联系.
科学领域:
- 微生物生态学 微生物生态学
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 人类遗传学 是一个学科.
背景情况:
- 了解与宿主相关的微生物群落与宿主多样化的共同进化至关重要.
- 现有的遗传学模型不能直接应用于微生物的相对丰度,限制了对微生物群演变的研究.
- 关键问题仍然是关于微生物群的保护,祖先的组成,以及在进化时间尺度上的微生物间的共变.
研究的目的:
- 扩展多变量系遗传模型以分析微生物相对丰度.
- 为了估计植物共生,祖先微生物群组成,以及宿主进化中的微生物融合.
- 研究哺乳动物和鸟类肠道微生物群的进化动态.
主要方法:
- 开发和应用微生物相对丰度的扩展多变量系遗传模型.
- 对各种哺乳动物和鸟类物种肠道微生物组合的分析.
- 遗传学比较分析以推断祖先状态和进化协变.
主要成果:
- 在哺乳动物和鸟类中检测到显著的生物共生,这与饮食或地理位置无法完全解释.
- 在这些群体的进化过程中,发现了微生物群组成的关键变化.
- 推断出一种祖先的哺乳动物微生物群,与一种食虫的饮食相一致.
- 在哺乳动物和鸟类中观察到细菌序列之间显著的一致的进化共变.
- 尽管今天的变化,某些微生物群的组成是保存了数百万年.
结论:
- 与宿主相关的微生物群在饮食和地理位置之外表现出显著的进化保护.
- 微生物相对丰度的家族遗传学建模为宿主微生物群的共同进化提供了新的见解.
- 这项研究揭示了哺乳动物和鸟类肠道微生物群的保存进化模式,突出了长期的宿主-微生物关联.
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