在和吞时对舌头运动的生物机械和皮质控制
Callum F Ross1, J D Laurence-Chasen2, Peishu Li3
1Department of Organismal Biology & Anatomy, The University of Chicago, 1027 East 57th St, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA. rossc@uchicago.edu.
Dysphagia
|June 16, 2023
概括
了解舌头生物力学和神经控制是治疗失消症的关键. 对动物模型的研究揭示了各种机制,并告知了恢复舌头功能的大脑机器接口.
科学领域:
- 比较解剖学的比较解剖学.
- 生物力学 生物力学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
背景情况:
- 舌头功能对于和吞至关重要;语言功能障碍与食不适有关.
- 了解全语言形态学,生物力学和神经控制对于有效治疗失语症至关重要.
- 在动物模型的全语言解剖学中存在显著的差异,可能会影响吞机制.
研究的目的:
- 在人类和动物模型中调查全语言生物力学和神经控制.
- 探索全语言形态的变化及其对吞的影响.
- 评估大脑机器界面在恢复语言功能方面的潜力.
主要方法:
- 利用动态形态的X射线重建 (XROMM) 来量化3D全语言动态.
- 在各种动物模型中进行了比较研究.
- 审查了关于 orofacial 运动皮层中全语言性自身感受和神经控制的文献.
主要成果:
- 在动物模型中,XROMM揭示了时舌头的细节曲和滚动,类似于人类的动作.
- 对的研究挑战了关于在吞时舌头底部收缩的传统假设.
- 在动物模型中观察到全语言性自受体分布的变化,其功能含义尚不清楚.
- 舌头动力学显著地被编码为的耳面初级运动皮层内的神经活动.
结论:
- 动物模型表现出多样化的全语言生物力学和吞机制.
- 为了开发有效的辅助技术,需要对全语言生物力学和神经控制进行进一步的研究.
- 这些发现为大脑机器接口在神经损伤后帮助恢复语言功能提供了乐观的看法.
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