驱动式双态系统中的热的波动:应用到具有超导间隙的单电子盒
Tuomas Pyhäranta1, Luca Peliti2, Jukka P Pekola1
1Pico group, QTF Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 15100, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland.
Physical review. E
|June 17, 2023
概括
驱动式双态系统中的能量消散与通过2k_{B}TQ=δQ^{2}的平衡波动有关. 这种关系适用于adiabatic近似,揭示单电子盒中的正常热分布.
科学领域:
- 热力学是一种热力学.
- 量子系统 量子系统
- 统计力学 统计力学
背景情况:
- 了解不平衡系统中的能量消耗对于热力学至关重要.
- 驱动式双态系统为复杂的物理过程提供了一个简化的模型.
- 波动关系为物理量的统计行为提供了基本的见解.
研究的目的:
- 在驱动式两态系统中,建立平均能量消耗与其平衡波动之间的直接联系.
- 为了研究这种关系在adiabatic近似下的适用性.
- 在慢速驾驶模式下分析单电子箱的热量统计.
主要方法:
- 运用轨迹平均值来分析能量消耗统计数据.
- 为了保持衍生关系,采用了基近似方案.
- 计算了一个带有超导电线的单电子盒的热量统计.
主要成果:
- 发现了一个简单的关系,2k_{B}TQ=δQ^{2},它连接了平均能量消耗及其波动.
- 亚亚巴特式近似方案保留了这种基本关系.
- 在缓慢驾驶模式下,单电子盒中的热量分布变得正常,并有可能提取热量.
结论:
- 对于驱动的两态系统,在亚亚巴特式近似下,导出的热波动关系是稳定的.
- 该研究详细分析了特定量子系统 (单电子盒) 中的热量统计数据.
- 这些发现表明热波动关系的广泛影响超出了研究的系统和制度.
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