护理对认知功能的影响:来自中国健康与退休长度研究的证据
1School of Public Health, Southeast University, Dingjiaqiao, Nanjing, China.
概括
照顾者对认知功能有好处,特别是对于低到中等强度的照顾者. 照顾者和城市环境的类型也会影响认知结果,强调需要量身定制的支持系统.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 关于照顾者对照顾者的认知影响的研究有限.
- 了解这种关系对于支持非正式护理系统至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 探索家庭照顾和认知功能之间的关联.
- 调查护理强度和类型如何改变这种关联.
- 检查在照顾者的认知影响中的城乡和性别差异.
主要方法:
- 分析中国健康与退休长度研究 (2011年,2013年,2018年).
- 在记忆,执行功能和定向方面评估认知功能.
- 使用生长曲线建模的护理者和非护理者认知轨迹的比较.
主要成果:
- 在照顾者和认知功能之间发现了积极的关联 (β = 0.249,p < .001).
- 在低 (β = 0.335,p < .001) 和中等强度 (β = 0.250,p < .05) 护理人员中观察到好处,但不是高强度护理人员.
- 祖父母,成年儿童和多个照顾者表现出更高的认知能力;成年儿童照顾者的认知能力下降速度较慢.
- 配偶照顾者与非照顾者没有显著差异.
- 照顾者对记忆的积极影响在城市成年人中更为明显.
结论:
- 照顾者可以增强认知功能,特别是在某些条件下.
- 照顾者的强度和类型是认知健康研究中需要考虑的重要因素.
- 调查结果可以为制定支持性非正式护理系统的政策提供信息.
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