在有听力损失的儿童中,注意力缺陷/多动障碍
Diya Ramanathan1, Pavel Kipnis1, Patricia Klaas2
1Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA.
International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology
|June 17, 2023
概括
听力损失 (HL) 的儿童有较高的注意力缺陷/多动障碍 (AD/HD) 率. 然而,经过对并发症和共变量进行调整后,AD/HD的发病率在具有和没有HL的儿童之间是相似的.
科学领域:
- 儿科听力学 儿科听力学
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
- 临床研究 临床研究
背景情况:
- 注意缺陷/多动障碍 (AD/HD) 是一种常见的神经发育障碍.
- 听力损失 (HL) 可以影响认知发展,可能与AD/HD有关.
- 了解HL,AD/HD和并发症之间的关系对于早期干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较患有正常听力 (NH) 的儿科患者和听力损失 (HL) 的儿科患者的AD/HD诊断率.
- 评估伴随性疾病在NH和HL儿科队列中对AD/HD发病率的影响.
- 调查共变量对HL和AD/HD之间的关联的影响.
主要方法:
- 儿科患者的回顾性队列研究,其中有小口管安置病史 (2019-2022年).
- 收集的数据包括人口统计信息,听力状况 (类型,横向性,严重程度) 和并发症 (早产,遗传综合征,神经功能障碍,ASD).
- 在NH和HL组之间进行了AD/HD率的比较,并没有并发症,使用费舍尔的精确测试和对共变量调整的分析.
主要成果:
- 总的来说,分析了141名HL患者和778名NH患者.
- 在HL儿童中,AD/HD的发病率明显高于HL儿童 (12.1%) 与NH儿童 (3.6%) 相比 (p < 0.001).
- 在没有并发症的儿童中,HL儿童仍然显示出更高的AD/HD率 (8.0%对1.9%,p=0.02),但在同变量调整后 (p=0.72) 这一意义消失了.
结论:
- 在患有HL的儿童中,AD/HD发病率较高的初步发现与之前的研究是一致的.
- 在调整了并发症和共变量后,在HL和NH儿科患者之间没有观察到AD/HD发病率的显著差异.
- 由于潜在的发育挑战,临床医生应保持较低的临床门,以推患有HL的儿童,特别是患有并发症的儿童进行神经认知测试.
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