执行功能预测了老年人的诱惑歧视困难在记忆力相似性任务上
Adelaide Jensen1, Galit Karpov2, Charles A Collin1
1School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
概括
年长的成年人在对象记忆任务中扎,例如记忆相似性任务 (MST). 执行功能,而不是视力敏度,是老年人MST诱惑歧视指数 (LDI) 上表现的关键预测指标.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 老年学是一门学科.
背景情况:
- 老年人经常表现出记忆缺陷,特别是在回忆最近的对象细节.
- 以前的研究表明,在老年人中,记忆相似性任务 (MST) 诱惑歧视指数 (LDI) 和视力敏度之间存在令人惊的相关性,而不是记忆或执行功能.
研究的目的:
- 复制和扩展以前关于影响老年人MST LDI表现的因素的发现.
- 通过统计比较视力敏度,记忆力和执行功能的相对贡献与LDI性能,使用主导分析.
主要方法:
- 用新的,更大的年轻人和老年人的样本进行复制研究.
- 综合老年人样本共计108名参与者.
- 利用多重回归和主导分析来评估LDI表现的预测因素.
主要成果:
- 与年轻人相比,老年人表现出明显较差的LDI,而项目识别仍然完好无损.
- LDI的表现与记忆和执行功能都有显著的相关性,但与视觉敏性无关.
- 主导分析显示,执行功能是老年人LDI表现的最重要的预测因素.
结论:
- 执行功能是影响老年人在MST LDI中遇到困难的关键因素.
- 视力敏度可能比以前认为的起不那么重要的作用.
- 这些发现需要在解释老年人群中MST表现时考虑执行功能.
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