认知负载会导致精英和非精英划船员的运动变化
Henrik Herrebrøden1, Alexander Refsum Jensenius2, Thomas Espeseth3
1RITMO Centre for Interdisciplinary Studies in Rhythm, Time and Motion, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1133, Blindern, Oslo 0318, Norway; Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1094, Blindern, Oslo 0317, Norway.
Human movement science
|June 18, 2023
概括
认知负载通过增加运动复杂度,无论技能水平如何,都会影响划船性能. 精英和非精英划船者在双重任务条件下都显示出动力学变化,挑战了自动性理论.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 发动机控制器的控制器
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
背景情况:
- 外在的认知负载可能会损害初级运动任务的性能和动力学.
- 进展回归假设表明,在认知需求下,复杂性减少.
- 自动化理论认为,专家在双重任务下保持性能.
研究的目的:
- 研究认知负载对精英和非精英划船员划船动力学的影响.
- 测试汽车专家在双重任务条件下是否免疫性能下降.
- 在体育表现的背景下检查自动性理论的有效性.
主要方法:
- 实验涉及精英和非精英的划船员在划船人体表上.
- 使用了单任务 (仅) 和双任务 (和算术) 条件.
- 在不同的认知负载下对划船运动的动力学分析.
主要成果:
- 参与者在高认知负载下减少了运动复杂性 (双重任务).
- 运动变化发生不论划船者的技能水平.
- 没有发现技能水平和认知负载之间的显著相互作用.
结论:
- 这些发现与自动性理论相矛盾,表明注意力资源对于最佳体育表现至关重要.
- 认知负载会影响运动表现,即使是熟练的运动员.
- 减少运动复杂性是对增加认知需求的常见反应.
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