发育模式和个人对社会反的反应差异:从童年到青春期的纵向fMRI研究
Simone Dobbelaar1, Michelle Achterberg1, Anna C K van Duijvenvoorde2
1Leiden Consortium on Individual Development, Leiden University, the Netherlands; Developmental and Educational Psychology, Leiden University, the Netherlands; Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University, the Netherlands; Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Developmental cognitive neuroscience
|June 18, 2023
概括
孩子 孩子 孩子 孩子
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 社会心理学 社会心理学
背景情况:
- 社会反处理对于适应至关重要.
- 父母的支持可能会影响这个发展过程.
- 了解神经变化对反的反应是关键.
研究的目的:
- 检查从童年到青春期的社会反反应的神经发育.
- 研究父母的敏感性对这种神经发育的影响.
- 分析行为和神经反应的纵向变化.
主要方法:
- 与512名参与者 (年龄为7-13岁) 进行的长度fMRI研究.
- 使用 fMRI 社交网络攻击任务通过噪音爆发来测量对同行反的反应.
- 通过观察亲子互动来评估父母的敏感性.
主要成果:
- 对反的行为反应在整个发展过程中发生了显著的变化.
- 背侧前额皮层激活随着年龄的增长而变得更加差异化.
- 父母的敏感性仅与童年时的反反应有有限的关联.
结论:
- 社会反处理的神经发育持续到青春期.
- 父母的敏感性可能在幼儿期的反适应中发挥作用.
- 这些发现提高了对社会适应和育儿影响的理解.
相关概念视频
01:18Cognitive Development During Adolescence
85
During adolescence, individuals experience significant cognitive development that enhances their understanding of others' emotions and thoughts, known as cognitive empathy. This period is marked by an increased ability to adapt to others' perspectives and a more nuanced understanding of others' mental states, a skill that is foundational for social problem-solving and conflict avoidance. The development of cognitive empathy relies heavily on the theory of mind — the...
85
01:30Socioemotional Development during Infancy
84
Socio-emotional development in infancy is primarily shaped by early emotional responses and social connections, with temperament playing a central role. Temperament refers to the consistent patterns in an individual's emotional and behavioral responses, observable even in infancy. By examining temperament, researchers can better understand an infant's unique ways of interacting with the world, influencing subsequent personality and socio-emotional growth.
Primary Temperament Types
Primary Temperament Types
84
01:30Socioemotional Experience and Gender Development
58
Social-emotional experiences and cultural influences play significant roles in shaping gender development. During middle childhood, from ages 6 to 11, peer groups become dominant in reinforcing gender norms. Children in this age group often align with same-gender peer groups, which actively encourage behaviors that conform to traditional gender roles. For instance, boys may be discouraged from engaging in activities perceived as feminine, reinforcing culturally dictated norms about masculinity...
58
01:24Facial Feedback Hypothesis
196
Charles Darwin proposed that facial expressions are an evolutionary adaptation for communication. He argued that these expressions are not influenced by culture but are universal across species. For example, a snarling expression with exposed teeth signals a threat in many animals, including humans. Darwin also suggested that displaying an emotion can intensify the feeling. Smiling, for example, could enhance one's sense of happiness. This idea laid the foundation for understanding the role...
196
02:20Longitudinal Research
12.0K
Sometimes we want to see how people change over time, as in studies of human development and lifespan. When we test the same group of individuals repeatedly over an extended period of time, we are conducting longitudinal research. Longitudinal research is a research design in which data-gathering is administered repeatedly over an extended period of time. For example, we may survey a group of individuals about their dietary habits at age 20, retest them a decade later at age 30, and then again...
12.0K
01:30Information Processing Approach
80
The information-processing theory of cognitive development centers on fundamental mental processes, including attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. Researchers in this field examine how cognitive abilities, such as working memory, evolve and influence children's overall development. Studies indicate that children with stronger working memory tend to excel in reading comprehension, math, and problem-solving compared to peers with less efficient memory skills. Low working memory is...
80