作为临床样本中物质使用障碍的预测因素的主观效应:一项纵向研究
Shelley A Gresko1, Maya Rieselbach1, Robin P Corley2
1Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, United States; Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, United States.
Drug and alcohol dependence
|June 18, 2023
概括
药物使用的主观效应 (SE),无论是积极的还是消极的,都预测了青少年和成年人的物质使用障碍 (SUD). 这些SE一致预测各种物质的一般SUD,与行为障碍症状不同.
科学领域:
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 成 药物 药物 药物 药物
背景情况:
- 在临床人群中对主观影响 (SE) 和物质使用障碍 (SUD) 的研究有限.
- 本研究在临床样本中检查SE,以了解它们在SUD发展和进展中的预测作用.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定SE是否预测青春期和成年期的一般性与特定物质SUD,控制行为障碍症状 (CDsymp).
- 调查SE是否预测不同药物类别的SUD,以及随着时间的推移SUD的变化.
- 探索这些协会中潜在的种族/民族差异.
主要方法:
- 从SUD治疗设施招募的744名临床试验者的纵向研究.
- 在青春期收集的数据 (Mage = 16.26) 和成年期两次收集的数据 (Mages = 22.56, 28.96).
- 在青春期评估SE和CDsymp;在所有时间点评估SUD严重程度.
主要成果:
- 青少年SE在青春期和成年期强有力的预测了一般的SUD,在长期预测中表现优于CDsymp.
- 无论是积极的还是消极的SE都与更大的SUD严重程度有关,独立于CDsymp.
- SEs证明了对SUD的交叉物质影响;没有发现种族/民族差异.
结论:
- 主观影响,而不仅仅是行为障碍症状,是持续性物质使用障碍的关键预测因素.
- 积极和消极的SE总是在高风险人群中持续预测整个青春期和成年期的一般SUD.
相关概念视频
Substance Use Disorders Affecting Sleep
199
Substance use disorders involve a pattern of using drugs more extensively than intended and continuing use despite harmful consequences. This includes legal substances like alcohol and nicotine, as well as illegal drugs. These disorders often involve both physical and psychological dependence, reflecting compulsive use of substances that significantly alter thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, contributing to a major public health issue.
Understanding the concepts of physical dependence,...
Understanding the concepts of physical dependence,...
199
Drug Dependence
1.1K
Medications are typically administered to achieve therapeutic effects. Some drugs can modify an individual's mood and perception, frequently resulting in various enjoyable experiences. However, this can result in drug dependency, a condition marked by continuous drug use despite potential negative consequences. Drug dependency primarily falls into two categories: psychological and physical dependence. Psychological dependence occurs when the pleasurable feelings induced by the drug...
1.1K
Drug Abuse and Addiction: Pharmacological Phenomena
558
Drug dependence, abuse, and addiction are complex phenomena that can precipitate various abnormal states. Physical dependence refers to a state of pharmacological adaptation to a drug. This adaptation often results in tolerance—a reduced response to the drug after repeated administrations. When the drug use is abruptly stopped, withdrawal symptoms occur due to the body's need to readjust from the pharmacologically induced imbalance. However, tolerance and withdrawal symptoms do not...
558
Stress and Mental Health
186
Chronic stress profoundly affects mental health, significantly influencing mood, behavior, and overall quality of life. Research closely links chronic stress with mental health conditions such as depression, anxiety, and substance use disorders. Ongoing exposure to stress can lead to physiological and psychological changes, initiating a cycle of emotional distress and maladaptive coping mechanisms.
Individuals with depression often experience challenges in both their personal and professional...
Individuals with depression often experience challenges in both their personal and professional...
186
Longitudinal Studies
191
Longitudinal studies are also widely used in other medical and social science fields. For instance, in cardiovascular research, they can monitor patients' health over decades to identify risk factors for heart disease, such as high cholesterol or smoking, and evaluate the long-term effectiveness of preventive measures. Similarly, in mental health studies, researchers might follow individuals from adolescence into adulthood to understand the development and progression of conditions like...
191
Longitudinal Research
12.0K
Sometimes we want to see how people change over time, as in studies of human development and lifespan. When we test the same group of individuals repeatedly over an extended period of time, we are conducting longitudinal research. Longitudinal research is a research design in which data-gathering is administered repeatedly over an extended period of time. For example, we may survey a group of individuals about their dietary habits at age 20, retest them a decade later at age 30, and then again...
12.0K


