在TMPRSS3 (DFNB10/DFNB8) 中的基因型-表型相关性,重点是自然历史
Eric Nisenbaum1, Denise Yan2, A Eliot Shearer3
1Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA, eric.nisenbaum@jhsmiami.org.
Audiology & neuro-otology
|June 18, 2023
概括
在TMPRSS3的突变导致渐进性听力损失,与各种表现. 了解这些遗传联系是开发用于DFNB8/10听力损失的基因疗法的关键.
科学领域:
- 遗传学 遗传学 是一个
- 耳鼻喉科 耳鼻喉科 耳鼻喉科
- 分子生物学分子生物学
背景情况:
- 跨膜血清蛋白酶3 (TMPRSS3) 基因的突变是自体逆性非综合征性听力损失的重要原因.
- 与TMPRSS3突变相关的听力损失表现出表型异质性,从轻微到严重,通常是渐进的.
- 了解基因型-表型关系对于开发DFNB8/10.0的基因疗法至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了审查TMPRSS3的基因型-表型关系.
- 描述TMPRSS3相关听力损失患者的自然病史.
- 为未来的TMPRSS3分子疗法提供基础.
主要方法:
- 关于TMPRSS3相关听力损失的文献综述.
- 基因型-表型相关性的分析.
- 临床表现和疾病进展的总结.
主要成果:
- TMPRSS3突变导致渐进的感觉神经听力损失,无论是语言前 (DFNB10) 或语言后 (DFNB8).
- 没有发现TMPRSS3突变与中耳或前庭耳部缺陷之间的关联.
- 经常报告的c.916G>A (p.Ala306Thr) 突变是一种潜在的治疗标.
结论:
- TMPRSS3突变是听力损失的关键遗传原因,具有不同的临床结果.
- 详细了解自然史和基因型-表型相关性对于有针对性的治疗开发至关重要.
- 对c.916G>A等特定突变的进一步研究是有必要的,以推进分子治疗.
相关概念视频
Background and Environment Affect Phenotype
6.6K
Although the genetic makeup of an organism plays a major role in determining the phenotype, there are also several environmental factors, such as temperature, oxygen availability, presence of mutagens, that can alter an organism’s phenotype.
An example of how genetic background affects phenotype can be seen in horses. The Extension gene in horses is responsible for their coat color. A wild-type gene (EE) produces black pigment in the coat, while a mutant gene (ee) produces red pigment. A...
An example of how genetic background affects phenotype can be seen in horses. The Extension gene in horses is responsible for their coat color. A wild-type gene (EE) produces black pigment in the coat, while a mutant gene (ee) produces red pigment. A...
6.6K
Incomplete Dominance
22.9K
Gregor Mendel's work (1822 - 1884) was primarily focused on pea plants. Through his initial experiments, he determined that every gene in a diploid cell has two variants called alleles inherited from each parent. He suggested that amongst these two alleles, one allele is dominant in character and the other recessive. The combination of alleles determines the phenotype of a gene in an organism.
22.9K
Epistasis
47.0K
In addition to multiple alleles at the same locus influencing traits, numerous genes or alleles at different locations may interact and influence phenotypes in a phenomenon called epistasis. For example, rabbit fur can be black or brown depending on whether the animal is homozygous dominant or heterozygous at a TYRP1 locus. However, if the rabbit is also homozygous recessive at a locus on the tyrosinase gene (TYR), it will have an unshaded coat that appears white, regardless of its TYRP1...
47.0K
Pleiotropy
40.7K
Pleiotropy is the phenomenon in which a single gene impacts multiple, seemingly unrelated phenotypic traits. For example, defects in the SOX10 gene cause Waardenburg Syndrome Type 4, or WS4, which can cause defects in pigmentation, hearing impairments, and an absence of intestinal contractions necessary for elimination. This diversity of phenotypes results from the expression pattern of SOX10 in early embryonic and fetal development. SOX10 is found in neural crest cells that form melanocytes,...
40.7K
Human Genetics
628
Human genetics provides a profound framework for understanding the interplay between genetic predispositions and human psychology. At the heart of this discipline lies the study of how genes influence physical traits, behaviors, and susceptibility to diseases. Each person carries a unique genetic code that subtly or significantly shapes their psychological and behavioral landscape.
The complex relationship between genetics and psychology is observable through common biological components such...
The complex relationship between genetics and psychology is observable through common biological components such...
628
Epistasis Analysis
5.1K
Although Mendel chose seven unrelated traits in peas to study gene segregation, most traits involve multiple gene interactions that create a spectrum of phenotypes. When the interaction of various genes or alleles at different locations influences a phenotype, this is called epistasis. Epistasis often involves one gene masking or interfering with the expression of another (antagonistic epistasis). Epistasis often occurs when different genes are part of the same biochemical pathway. The...
5.1K


