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在产前暴露于酒精的儿童中,弧形囊和阅读前语言发展

Curtis Ostertag^1,2, Jess E Reynolds^2,3,4, Preeti Kar^1,2

¹Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.

Frontiers in neuroscience

|June 19, 2023

概括

产前酒精暴露 (PAE) 改变了弧形囊 (AF) 中的白质发育,影响了儿童在阅读前的语言技能. 这些发现突出了PAE影响的关键大脑语言连接.

科学领域:

神经科学是一个神经科学.
发展心理学发展心理学
儿科儿科儿科

背景情况:

产前酒精暴露 (PAE) 是可预防的出生缺陷的主要原因,导致神经发育挑战.
改变白质的发育,特别是在像弧形囊 (AF) 这样的语言通路中,是PAE的一个已知的后果.
在PAE儿童中,AF发育和阅读前语言技能之间的关系需要进一步研究.

研究的目的:

调查在婴儿与产前酒精暴露 (PAE) 的幼儿中弓形囊 (AF) 的发展和预读语言能力之间的关联.
为了比较PAE儿童和未暴露的对照儿童在AF中白质微观结构的发展.
检查PAE如何影响AF微结构和语言技能之间的关系.

主要方法:

纵向扩散张力成像 (DTI) 用于评估左侧和右侧AF的白质微观结构 (分数异构和平均扩散性).
预读语言能力使用语音处理 (PP) 和加速命名 (SN) 分数进行测量.
线性混合效应模型分析了扩散指标,年龄,群体,性别和语言结果之间的关系.

主要成果:

与对照组相比,患有PAE的儿童表现出明显较低的语音处理和加快命名得分.
在右侧AF中观察到显著的年龄组相互作用,用于分数异构和平均扩散性.
在AF中改变白质微观结构与PAE儿童前阅读语言技能较差有关,类似于在较年轻的典型发育儿童中观察到的模式.

结论:

与未暴露的同龄人相比,患有PAE的儿童表现出弧形筋 (AF) 的发育轨迹发生变化.
这些AF的发育变化与功能性语言结果有关,特别是预阅读技能.
这项研究支持这样一个假设,即AF发育中断会导致受产前酒精暴露影响的儿童的神经发育挑战.

关键词:

这就是 FASD 的原因.这就是为什么MRI是MRI.孩子们的孩子们的孩子们的孩子们发展发展发展发展发展.语言语言语言语言语言语言.磁共振成像技术的使用在产前暴露于酒精的暴露.

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