年龄和时间地平线与帮助同事的偏好有关
Yochai Z Shavit1, Kevin Chi1, Laura L Carstensen1,2
1Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States.
Work, aging and retirement
|June 19, 2023
概括
工人的动机因年龄而异,老年人更喜欢有意义的任务. 工作的时间视界,无论是扩大还是限制,都可以消除这些与年龄相关的动机差异.
科学领域:
- 组织心理学 组织心理学
- 劳动力动力动机 劳动力动力动机
- 社会情绪选择性理论
背景情况:
- 劳动者激励的年龄差异已得到充分证实.
- 社会情绪选择性理论 (SST) 认为时间地平线会影响目标和偏好.
- 了解时间地平线如何影响不同年龄组的动机对于劳动力管理至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查时间地平线在工人动机中的年龄差异中的因果关系.
- 为了测试这样的假设,即老年工人更喜欢情感上有意义的活动,而不是年轻的工人,当时间地平线是不确定的.
- 检查操纵时间视界是否消除了与年龄有关的工作偏好差异.
主要方法:
- 招募了555名员工的样本.
- 参与者被随机分配到三个条件之一:未指定的,扩展的或有限的时间范围.
- 参与者可以选择从情感上有意义的 (帮助同事),职业进步或创新的工作活动.
主要成果:
- 在未指定的时间地平线条件下,老年员工更喜欢帮助同事,与SST保持一致.
- 在扩展和有限的时间地平线条件下,工作偏好的年龄差异都被消除了.
- 扩大时间视界降低了选择帮助同事的可能性,而限制时间视界也意外地降低了这种偏好.
结论:
- 工人动机中的年龄差异在很大程度上是由感知到的时间视界决定的.
- 在工作中修改时间视界可以有效地改变员工的工作偏好,并可能减轻与年龄相关的动机差异.
- 调查结果突出了时间地平线管理对培养所有年龄组激励和参与的劳动力的实际影响.
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