古老的伪氨酸和细菌的氨酸细胞壁生物合成共享一个共同的进化祖先
Bishwa P Subedi1,2, William F Martin3, Vincenzo Carbone1
1AgResearch Ltd. Grasslands, Tennent Drive, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand.
FEMS microbes
|June 19, 2023
概括
古代伪氨酸的细胞壁结构与细菌氨酸相似,通过使用具有共同进化起源的酶来合成. 这项研究证实了甲基生物中的同源酶,揭示了细胞壁生物合成中的共同祖先.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 生物化学 生物化学
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
背景情况:
- 细菌普遍具有 murein (peptidoglycan) 细胞壁,这是广泛研究的焦点.
- 考古生物表现出多样化的细胞壁,在一些甲基生物中,伪氨酸是氨酸的结构模拟物.
- 伪氨酸具有一个由L-氨基酸交叉连接的甘氨酸骨干,类似于murein.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究细菌木氨酸和古人类伪木氨酸生物合成之间的进化关系.
- 为了识别和描述参与甲基生物中伪氨酸合成的酶.
- 确定伪木氨酸和木氨酸酸连接酶之间的结构和进化相似之处.
主要方法:
- 细胞壁生物合成基因的分类学分布分析.
- 酶的基因集群和遗传学分析.
- X射线晶体学以确定一个古老的伪氨酸链酶的结构.
主要成果:
- 在含有伪木氨酸的甲基生物体中,13种细菌木氨酸生物合成酶的正义证据得到证实.
- 这些古老酶往往与它们的细菌对应物有着遥远的关系.
- 甲热 (Methanothermus fervidus pseudomurein) 链酶的结构显示出一种与细菌MurC/MurD链酶相似的三级结构.
结论:
- 这些数据强烈表明,murein和pseudomurein的生物合成途径具有共同的进化历史.
- 同源酶表明细胞壁交叉链接的保存,古老的机制.
- 这一发现提供了关于古生物和细菌细胞壁结构早期演变的见解.
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