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相关概念视频

Phase Transitions: Sublimation and Deposition02:33

Phase Transitions: Sublimation and Deposition

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Some solids can transition directly into the gaseous state, bypassing the liquid state, via a process known as sublimation. At room temperature and standard pressure, a piece of dry ice (solid CO2) sublimes, appearing to gradually disappear without ever forming any liquid. Snow and ice sublimate at temperatures below the melting point of water, a slow process that may be accelerated by winds and the reduced atmospheric pressures at high altitudes. When solid iodine is warmed, the solid sublimes...
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Phase Changes01:19

Phase Changes

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Phase transitions play an important theoretical and practical role in the study of heat flow. In melting or fusion, a solid turns into a liquid; the opposite process is freezing. In evaporation, a liquid turns into a gas; the opposite process is condensation.
A substance melts or freezes at a temperature called its melting point and boils or condenses at its boiling point. These temperatures depend on pressure. High pressure favors the denser form of the substance, so typically, high pressure...
4.4K
Phase Transitions: Vaporization and Condensation02:39

Phase Transitions: Vaporization and Condensation

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The physical form of a substance changes on changing its temperature. For example, raising the temperature of a liquid causes the liquid to vaporize (convert into vapor). The process is called vaporization—a surface phenomenon. Vaporization occurs when the thermal motion of the molecules overcome the intermolecular forces, and the molecules (at the surface) escape into the gaseous state. When a liquid vaporizes in a closed container, gas molecules cannot escape. As these gas phase...
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Phase Transitions: Melting and Freezing02:39

Phase Transitions: Melting and Freezing

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Heating a crystalline solid increases the average energy of its atoms, molecules, or ions, and the solid gets hotter. At some point, the added energy becomes large enough to partially overcome the forces holding the molecules or ions of the solid in their fixed positions, and the solid begins the process of transitioning to the liquid state or melting. At this point, the temperature of the solid stops rising, despite the continual input of heat, and it remains constant until all of the solid is...
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Phase Transitions02:31

Phase Transitions

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Whether solid, liquid, or gas, a substance's state depends on the order and arrangement of its particles (atoms, molecules, or ions). Particles in the solid pack closely together, generally in a pattern. The particles vibrate about their fixed positions but do not move or squeeze past their neighbors. In liquids, although the particles are closely spaced, they are randomly arranged. The position of the particles are not fixed—that is, they are free to move past their neighbors to...
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相关实验视频

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Preparation of Monodomain Liquid Crystal Elastomers and Liquid Crystal Elastomer Nanocomposites
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以碳纳米材料为剂的基于基的优性相变材料.

Mikołaj Więckowski1,2, Marek Królikowski2, Łukasz Scheller3

  • 1Doctoral School of Warsaw University of Technology, Politechniki 1, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland. mikolaj.wieckowski.dokt@pw.edu.pl.

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP
|June 19, 2023
PubMed
概括

这项研究开发了新的eutectic相变材料 (ePCMs),用于在4°C左右的被动热控制. 使用SWCNT等纳米材料提高热导率,为冷储能应用提供了更好的性能.

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科学领域:

  • 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
  • 热力学是一种热力学.
  • 化学工程是化学工程的重要组成部分.

背景情况:

  • 冷热能储存对于被动热保护至关重要.
  • 优捷的相变材料 (ePCM) 提供自动温度控制,无需外部系统.
  • 开发具有特定特性的ePCM对于高效的能源存储至关重要.

研究的目的:

  • 为了合成和描述基于n-基的新型eutectic相变材料 (ePCMs),用于在4°C左右的被动温度控制.
  • 研究涉及n-和二醇的二元系统的固体-液体-液体平衡 (SLLE) 阶段图.
  • 分析用于预测ePCM属性的方法,并使用纳米材料增强其导热性.

主要方法:

  • 在二进制n-alkane系统中调查固体-液体平衡 (SLE).
  • 固体-液体-液体平衡 (SLLE) 阶段图的确定.
  • 差分扫描热量计 (DSC) 用于热分析.
  • 密度和动态粘度测量. 密度和动态粘度测量.
  • 准备和测试ePCM纳米材料复合材料 (SWCNT,GIC,EG).

主要成果:

  • 鉴定了三种eutectic相变材料 (ePCM),其中两种呈现高度 (约. 220 J/g) 的时间.
  • 成功确定了两个SLLE相位图.
  • 验证了欧特克学参数和化度的预测模型.
  • 使用1%重量单壁碳纳米管 (SWCNTs) 的ePCM复合材料显著提高了导热性和稳定性.

结论:

  • 在4°C左右运行的基于n-alkane的新型ePCM已经成功开发出来.
  • 该研究为设计ePCM和验证预测模型提供了一个框架.
  • 将SWCNT纳入ePCM是一个可行的策略,用于改善冷储能应用的热导率.