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与SARS-CoV-2感染相关的自身免疫疾病事件:一个匹配的队列研究

Falko Tesch¹, Franz Ehm², Annika Vivirito³

¹Center for Evidence-Based Healthcare (ZEGV), University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus at TU Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany. Falko.tesch@ukdd.de.

Clinical rheumatology

|June 19, 2023

概括

感染COVID-19会增加患上新的自身免疫性疾病的风险. 以前患有COVID-19的患者患上新发自免疫疾病的可能性增加了43%,特别是血管类型.

科学领域:

免疫学免疫学免疫学
传染性疾病传染性疾病
流行病学流行病学

背景情况:

COVID-19 (冠状病毒疾病2019) 是一种全球性流行病,具有潜在的长期健康后果.
当免疫系统错误地攻击身体自己的组织时,自身免疫性疾病就会出现.
之前的SARS-CoV-2感染与随后发生的自身免疫性疾病之间的联系需要进一步调查.

研究的目的:

为了确定患有COVID-19病史的患者与没有COVID-19病史的患者相比,新发生的自身免疫性疾病的发生率更高.
量化COVID-19感染后发展自身免疫性疾病的风险.
确定与之前的COVID-19最强烈相关的特定自身免疫性疾病群体.

主要方法:

一项大型队列研究利用德国医疗保健数据.
包括COVID-19确诊的聚合酶链反应 (PCR) 个体和没有COVID-19的匹配对照.
在后急性阶段 (3-15个月) 分析自身免疫性疾病发作,使用Poisson模型计算发病率比率 (IRR).

主要成果:

对641,704名COVID-19患者的队列进行了分析,并与匹配的对照进行了比较.
与对照组 (IR=10.55) 相比,COVID-19患者的自身免疫性疾病发生率高出42.63% (IR=15.05).
观察到常见的自身免疫性疾病的风险增加,最显著的是血管炎和其他血管自身免疫性疾病. 严重的COVID-19疗程与更高的自身免疫性疾病风险相关.

结论:

在急性感染阶段之后,SARS-CoV-2感染与新发性自身免疫性疾病的风险增加有关.
该研究发现,在COVID-19后3-15个月的个体中,首发自身免疫性疾病的可能性增加了43%.
COVID-19与血管自身免疫性疾病的发展有着最强烈的关联.

关键词:

自身免疫性疾病是一种自身免疫性疾病.在 COVID-19 疫情中,索赔数据索赔数据索赔数据群组研究是一项群组研究.这就是SARS-CoV-2病毒.

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