患者在急诊室护理期间对微型攻击和对患者的歧视的看法
Brittany E Punches1,2, Evans Osuji3, Jason J Bischof2
1The Ohio State University College of Nursing, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
概括
患者在急诊室 (ED) 遭受歧视的经历很常见,通常与过去的负面遭遇有关. 解决这些差异需要改善临床医生沟通和患者关系,以培养信任和更好的健康结果.
科学领域:
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
- 医学社会学 医学社会学
- 患者体验研究 患者体验研究
背景情况:
- 基于种族和种族的急诊室 (ED) 护理的差异得到了充分证实.
- 患者对紧急护理的看法显著影响健康结果.
- 了解患者对EDs微型攻击和歧视的经验至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 量化和探索患者在急诊室护理期间的微型攻击和歧视经历.
- 确定导致在ED环境中感知到歧视的因素.
主要方法:
- 一项混合方法研究,结合了定量歧视措施 (医疗机构歧视量表) 和定性半结构面试.
- 来自两个城市学术ED的成年患者参与了.
- 采访成绩单使用了传统的内容分析.
主要成果:
- 近一半的参与者 (46%) 报告没有或很少受到歧视,而54%的人报告有些,中度或重大歧视.
- 出现了五个主要主题:临床医生的行为 (沟通,同情),情绪反应,歧视的感知原因,ED环境压力和患者不愿抱怨.
- 具有较高歧视分数的患者往往回忆起过去的负面医疗经历,而不是专注于当前的急救诊所访问.
结论:
- 在ED中,微型攻击被归因于种族和性别之外的因素,包括年龄,社会经济地位和环境压力.
- 以前的歧视经历可以塑造当前对医疗保健的看法,从而导致负面的期望.
- 提高患者的关系和满意度对于医疗保健系统来说至关重要,以抵消现有的负面期望并防止未来的负面期望.
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