部署时空气质量差对呼吸系统健康的影响:系统性审查
1AMS Support Unit, Army Medical Services, Camberley, UK lucy.williams.ph@hotmail.com.
BMJ military health
|June 19, 2023
概括
军事人员在部署到污染地区后报告呼吸系统症状. 虽然有些人表现出轻微的肺功能缺陷,但没有明确的证据表明慢性呼吸道疾病与空气污染暴露有关. 需要进一步的研究.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 军事医学 军事医学
- 呼吸系统医学 呼吸系统医学
背景情况:
- 军人经常被部署到环境空气污染严重的地区.
- 暴露于空气污染可能会引发急性呼吸道症状,引发人们对长期健康后果的担忧.
- 需要基于证据的政策,针对部署到空气质量差的地区的军事人员的慢性呼吸道疾病.
研究的目的:
- 审查现有的关于军事人员在部署期间暴露于恶劣空气质量的后,慢性呼吸道疾病的发展的文献.
- 在部署的军事人口中为有关呼吸系统健康的政策制定提供信息.
主要方法:
- 通过使用Embase,MEDLINE和全球卫生数据库对2014年以来发表的英语研究进行了系统的文献搜索.
- 研究的重点是2001年以来部署在西南亚的军事人员,检查他们的呼吸系统健康状况.
- 选择的文章经过质量评估,使用批判性评估技能计划的检查清单,然后进行描述性审查.
主要成果:
- 确定了11项研究,其中8项使用了客观结果指标.
- 包括两个前性队列研究;剩下的数据是追溯的.
- 在部署后,很大一部分人员报告了呼吸系统症状,其中一些人的精神测量显示了轻度阻塞性缺陷.
结论:
- 部署的军事人员报告说,在空气质量差的地区,呼吸系统症状的高率.
- 虽然观察到轻微的螺旋计缺陷,但尚未确定从部署期间空气污染暴露导致的慢性呼吸道疾病的确切联系.
- 需要进行进一步的纵向研究,以调查该人群中持续呼吸道症状的关联,诊断和管理.
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