跨文化的孩子们对声学环境产生了情感反应
Weiyi Ma1, Peng Zhou2, Xinya Liang3
1School of Human Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA.
Cognition & emotion
|June 20, 2023
概括
三到六岁的小孩子对环境声音表现出情绪反应. 这种对生存至关重要的能力,随着年龄的增长而发展,在美国和中国的儿童中都存在.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 听觉感知是一种听觉感知.
- 声学信号处理 声学信号处理
背景情况:
- 对环境声音的情绪反应对于人类和动物的生存至关重要.
- 成年人使用环境声音中的声学线索 (音调,速度,强度) 来产生情绪反应,类似于语音和音乐.
- 幼儿对环境声音的情绪反应在很大程度上仍未被探索.
研究的目的:
- 调查幼儿 (3-6岁) 是否对环境声音表现出情绪反应.
- 为了确定声学特征如音调,速度和强度是否会影响儿童对声音的情感反应.
- 为了比较不同声音类别和文化背景 (美国和中国儿童) 的响应.
主要方法:
- 3-6岁的儿童 (美国人和中国人) 接触到各种环境声音 (人类的行为,动物的叫声,机器,自然现象).
- 操纵了声音的声学特性,包括音调,速度 (播放速度) 和强度 (振幅).
- 系统地观察和分析了儿童对这些修饰的声音的情绪反应.
主要成果:
- 环境声音的音调,频率和强度的变化引起了3至6岁儿童的情绪反应.
- 在所有四种声音类型 (人类行为,动物呼叫,机械,自然现象) 中都观察到情绪反应.
- 儿童对这些声音的情感反应随着年龄的增长而发展,这一趋势在两种文化群体中都是一致的.
结论:
- 对非语言,非音乐环境声音的情感反应能力在三岁时就已经存在.
- 这种能力与在语言和音乐中解码情感表情的能力同时出现.
- 一般的听觉处理机制可能支持对包括环境声音在内的各种声学输入的情绪反应.
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