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在注意力缺陷/多动性障碍中的时间和延迟折扣:一种翻译方法
Adam E Fox1, Alycia M Nicholson1, Depika Singha1
1Department of Psychology, St. Lawrence University, Canton, New York, USA.
注意力缺陷/多动症 (ADHD) 临床前模型显示时间和冲动性的差异. 人类ADHD患者表现出增加的冲动性,但亚型没有差异.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 行为科学 行为科学
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
背景情况:
- 注意缺陷/多动障碍 (ADHD) 是一种神经发育障碍,其特点是异常的时间感知和冲动性.
- 自发高血压大鼠 (SHR) 是ADHD的常见临床前模型,但适当的控制菌株仍在争论中.
- 威斯塔尔京都 (WKY) 鼠是潜在的对照物,可能模拟了注意力不集中的ADHD亚型.
研究的目的:
- 评估SHR/NCrl和WKY/NCrl大鼠作为ADHD亚型的临床前模型的有效性.
- 评估Wistar (WI) 菌株作为SHR/NCrl和WKY/NCrl的合适控制.
- 将人类ADHD亚型的冲动选择行为与临床前发现进行比较.
主要方法:
- 在时间感知和冲动选择任务上测试SHR/NCrl,WKY/NCrl和WI老鼠.
- 评估被诊断患有三个ADHD亚型的人类参与者的冲动选择行为.
- 将老鼠菌株和人类参与者与对照者之间的行为数据进行比较.
主要成果:
- 与WKY/NCrl和WI大鼠相比,SHR/NCrl大鼠表现出更快的时间和更高的冲动性.
- 与对照人群相比,患有ADHD的人类参与者表现出明显增加的冲动选择行为.
- 在三种人类ADHD亚型中,没有观察到冲动选择行为的显著差异.
结论:
- SHR/NCrl和WKY/NCrl大鼠显示出作为特定ADHD方面的临床前模型的前景,WI作为潜在的对照.
- 临床前发现与人类数据一致,显示ADHD患者的冲动性增加.
- 目前的模型和人类数据表明,冲动性差异可能无法区分ADHD亚型.
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