甲状腺人工智能模型的概括性和诊断性能 美国
WenWen Xu1, XiaoHong Jia1, ZiHan Mei1
1From the Department of Ultrasound, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin Er Road, 200025, Shanghai, China (W.W.X., X.H.J., Z.H.M., W.W.Z., T.L., H.T.Z., Y.J.D., J.Q.Z.); Department of Scientific Research, Shanghai Aitrox Technology Corporation Limited, Shanghai, China (X.L.G., Y.L., C.C.F., K.Y.Z., Q.F., C.H.); Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China (R.F.Z.); Department of Medical Ultrasound, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China (Y.G., X.C.); Department of Medical Ultrasound, Yunnan Cancer Hospital & The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China (X.M.L.); Department of Ultrasound, Yunnan Kungang Hospital, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Dali University, Anning, China (N.L.); Department of Ultrasound, Affiliated Hospital of Yan'an University, Yan'an, China (B.Y.B.); Department of Ultrasound, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China (Q.Y.L.); Department of Ultrasound, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, China (J.P.Y.); Department of Ultrasound, Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China (H.Z.); Department of Ultrasound, Gansu Provincial Cancer Hospital, Lanzhou, China (L.G.); Department of Ultrasound, Jilin Central General Hospital, Jilin, China (B.G.); and College of Health Science and Technology, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China (J.Q.Z.).
这项研究开发了用于甲状腺结节超声波 (US) 评估的人工智能 (AI) 模型,证明了高诊断性能和提高了放射科医生的甲状腺癌检测准确性.
科学领域:
- 放射学 放射学是一门学科.
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 医疗成像医学成像
背景情况:
- 人工智能 (AI) 模型在改善甲状腺结节的超声波 (美国) 评估方面表现有前途.
- 当前AI模型的有限通用性阻碍了它们广泛的临床应用.
研究的目的:
- 开发强大的AI模型用于甲状腺结节细分和分类,使用各种全国数据集.
- 评估这些人工智能模型对甲状腺癌检测诊断性能的影响.
主要方法:
- 对来自中国208家医院的10,023名病理确诊甲状腺结节患者的回顾性分析.
- 使用来自12家供应商的数据开发用于检测,细分和分类的AI模型.
- 使用精度,回忆,子系数和接收器操作特征曲线 (AUC) 下的面积进行性能评估.
- 与无人工智能辅助和无人工智能辅助的放射科医生的性能进行比较.
主要成果:
- 人工智能模型实现了高性能:检测 (精度为0.98),细分 (Dice为0.86),分类 (AUC为0.90).
- 全国和混合供应商训练的模型显示出优异的性能 (Dice 0.91,AUC 0.98).
- 人工智能模型的表现优于高级和初级放射科医生;基于规则的AI辅助显著提高了放射科医生的诊断准确性 (P < .05).
结论:
- 从各种数据集开发的AI模型表明,中国人群中甲状腺美国的高诊断性能.
- 基于规则的AI辅助增强了放射科医生在诊断甲状腺癌方面的能力.
- 这些发现支持将AI整合到临床实践中,以改善甲状腺结节评估.


