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相关概念视频

Inductive Reasoning00:59

Inductive Reasoning

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Inductive reasoning is a form of logical thinking that uses related observations to arrive at a general conclusion. It is uncertain and operates in degrees to which the conclusions are credible. As such, inductive arguments can be weak or strong, rather than valid or invalid, and conclusions can be used to formulate testable, falsifiable hypotheses.
Inductive reasoning is common in descriptive science. A life scientist makes observations and records them. This data can be qualitative or...
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Cognitivism01:17

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Cognitive psychology emerged as a significant field in the mid-20th century. It focused on understanding humans' internal mental processes. This approach emphasizes how people perceive, remember, think, and solve problems—elements critical to human cognition.
Previously dominated by behaviorism, which prioritized observable behaviors and largely ignored mental processes, psychology transformed in the 1950s. Cognitive psychologists argue that understanding how we think and process...
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Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
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In psychology, concepts can be divided into two categories: natural and artificial. Natural concepts are formed through direct or indirect experiences. For example, consider the concept of snow. If you live in a place with regular snowfall, such as Essex Junction, Vermont, you know snow through direct experiences. You’ve seen it fall, touched it, shoveled it, and played in it. You recognize its texture, appearance, and even its smell. In contrast, if you live on an island like Saint...
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Pure substances consist of only one type of matter. A pure substance can be an element or a compound. An element consists of only one type of atom, while a compound consists of two or more types of atoms held together by a chemical bond. Elements are classified as atomic or molecular based on the nature of their basic units.
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Augmenting Large Language Models via Vector Embeddings to Improve Domain-Specific Responsiveness
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通过词嵌入识别知识的新元素.

Deyun Yin1,2, Zhao Wu1, Kazuki Yokota3

  • 1School of Economics and Management, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, China.

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概括

本研究引入了一种使用机器学习在科学文件中测量元素新性的新方法. 这种方法得到了验证,并且具有普遍的领域,与科学家的自我报告发现有很好的相关性.

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科学领域:

  • 科学发现和创新是科学发现和创新.
  • 圣经计量和科学计量.
  • 计算语言学计算语言学

背景情况:

  • 新性在科学中至关重要,但现有的措施有局限性.
  • 以前的方法往往侧重于重组新性,忽视元素新性.
  • 许多新措施缺乏验证和现场普遍性.

研究的目的:

  • 开发一个验证的,领域通用的方法来计算元素的新性.
  • 解决以前科学新性评估方法的局限性.
  • 在科学文件中量化个别知识元素的新性.

主要方法:

  • 利用机器学习开发一个词嵌入模型用于语义信息提取.
  • 通过测量文档在语义空间中的距离来量化元素的新性.
  • 通过对800名科学家进行问卷调查来验证该方法.

主要成果:

  • 词嵌入模型有效地捕获语义信息.
  • 拟议的元素新性测量与科学家自我报告的新性有显著的相关性.
  • 这种相关性适用于各种科学领域和发现类型 (例如现象,物质).

结论:

  • 开发元素的新性措施是一个可靠和广泛适用的工具.
  • 这种方法提供了一种验证的方法来评估科学原创性.
  • 这些发现支持使用计算方法来评估科学影响.