通过细胞衰老重塑瘤微环境:老年疗法的机会
Mariantonietta D'Ambrosio1, Jesús Gil1
1MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences (LMS), Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK; Institute of Clinical Sciences (ICS), Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK.
Developmental cell
|June 20, 2023
概括
细胞衰老,一种应激反应,在癌症中起着双重作用. 虽然它可以预防瘤,但瘤微环境中的衰老细胞促进癌症的进展和抵抗力. 老年疗法提供了一个有前途的治疗方法.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
背景情况:
- 细胞衰老是一种压力诱导的状态,其特征是细胞循环停止和与衰老相关的分泌表型 (SASP).
- 衰老作为一种瘤抑制机制,通过防止癌症的开始和进展.
- 然而,瘤微环境 (TME) 中的衰老细胞可以矛盾地促进瘤生长,转移和治疗抵抗.
研究的目的:
- 审查衰老细胞及其SASP在瘤微环境 (TME) 中的多方面的作用.
- 讨论老化细胞如何影响TME内的免疫反应和癌症进展.
- 突出 senotherapies 的治疗潜力,包括 senolytics,在癌症治疗.
主要方法:
- 关于细胞衰老,SASP,TME相互作用和癌症中的老年疗法的文献综述.
- 对衰老在癌症发病和进展中的双重作用的分析.
- 检查衰老细胞对免疫监测和治疗耐药性的影响.
主要成果:
- 衰老细胞可以是瘤抑制剂和促进剂,这取决于它们在TME中的环境.
- 衰老细胞分泌的SASP显著重塑TME,影响免疫细胞和结构部件.
- 衰老细胞有助于转移和抵抗癌症治疗.
结论:
- 衰老细胞及其SASP对癌症进展具有复杂和取决于背景的影响.
- 用老年疗法,特别是老年化药物准衰老细胞是克服瘤进展,转移和治疗抵抗性的有希望的策略.
- 通过消除衰老细胞来恢复抗瘤免疫力是老年疗法有效性的关键机制.
相关概念视频
Replicative Cell Senescence
3.7K
Replicative cell senescence is a property of cells that allows them to divide a finite number of times throughout the organism's lifespan while preventing excessive proliferation. Replicative senescence is associated with the gradual loss of the telomere — short, repetitive DNA sequences found at the end of the chromosomes. Telomeres are bound by a group of proteins to form a protective cap on the ends of chromosomes. Embryonic stem cells express telomerase — an enzyme that adds...
3.7K
The Tumor Microenvironment
6.7K
Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
6.7K
Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells
5.8K
Cancer cells accumulate genetic changes at an abnormally rapid rate due to the defects in the DNA repair mechanisms. From an evolutionary perspective, such genetic instability is advantageous for cancer development. Mutant cell lines accumulate a series of beneficial mutations that contribute to their progression into cancer.
Some of the advantages that cancer cells have on normal cells include - enhanced ability to divide without terminally differentiating, induce new blood vessel formation,...
Some of the advantages that cancer cells have on normal cells include - enhanced ability to divide without terminally differentiating, induce new blood vessel formation,...
5.8K
Cancer Therapies
7.8K
Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
7.8K
Tumor Immunotherapy
575
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
575
Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance
5.0K
Early diagnosis and treatment can often cure cancer. However, even with treatment, residual cells called cancer stem cells (CSC) might remain, often causing tumor recurrence. These cancer stem cells possess the potential for self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation and are often responsible for the therapeutic resistance displayed in most cancers.
Cancer stem cells are thought to originate from tissue-specific normal stem cells or progenitor cells. The normal stem cells usually reside in...
Cancer stem cells are thought to originate from tissue-specific normal stem cells or progenitor cells. The normal stem cells usually reside in...
5.0K


