草原尾蝶Euryades corethrus (Lepidoptera, Papilionidae) 的初步种群研究
Guilherme Wagner G Atencio1,2,3, Rebeca Zanini4,5, Maríndia Deprá1,4,6
1Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Bloco IV, Prédio 43433, Sala 214, Agronomia, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias
|June 21, 2023
概括
临灭绝的蝶Euryades corethrus的遗传多样性很低,尽管息地丧失,但没有明显的种群结构. 保护工作至关重要,以防止由于正在进行的草原转型而导致的灭绝.
科学领域:
- 生态学和进化生物学.
- 保护遗传学 保护遗传学
- 昆虫学 昆虫学是一门学科.
背景情况:
- 南方草原特有的蝶Euryades corethrus因息地丧失而被列为危物.
- 幼虫的食物来源,Aristolochia spp. 和蝶受到土著草原转化为农业和牧场的威胁.
- 了解遗传多样性和种群结构对于有效保护这种物种至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了评估欧里亚得斯科雷斯群的遗传多样性.
- 调查物种的种群结构和人口统计历史.
- 为了告知其本土范围内的Euryades corethrus的保护战略.
主要方法:
- 在巴西里约格兰德杜苏尔 (Rio Grande do Sul) 采集了八个欧里亚德斯 (Euryades) 科雷特鲁斯种群的样本.
- 使用线粒体DNA标记物Cytochrome Oxidase亚单元I (COI) 的基因变异分析.
- 生物信息学分析以推断人口结构,基因流动和人口史.
主要成果:
- 在被研究的欧里亚得科雷斯群中观察到较低的遗传变异性.
- 显著基因流动的证据表明缺乏明显的种群结构.
- 人口历史表明过去的人口瓶,随后在最后一次冰河时期扩张.
结论:
- 虽然目前的遗传数据显示结构有限,但持续的息地丧失对Euryades corethrus构成重大威胁.
- 单个遗传标记 (COI) 对于初步评估是有用的,但对于最终的保护决定是不够的.
- 紧急的息地保护政策是必要的,以减轻孤立,遗传多样性丧失和潜在灭绝的风险.
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