相关实验视频
Updated: Jul 26, 2025

10:00
Hydrogen Production and Utilization in a Membrane Reactor
Published on: March 10, 2023
2.4K
在环境条件下使用电化学膜反应器进行化
Camden Hunt1,2, Aiko Kurimoto1, Georgia Wood1
1Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z1.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|June 21, 2023
概括
电化学膜反应器中的负荷随电流密度和电解质度而增加. 这项研究量化了载荷及其对化反应驱动力的影响.
科学领域:
- 电化学
- 材料科学
- 化学工程
背景情况:
- 电化学膜反应器 (ePMR) 对于各种化学转化至关重要.
- 了解负荷 (x) 是优化ePMR性能和热力学驱动力的关键.
- 之前的研究缺乏在不同的电化学条件下对负荷的详细量化.
研究的目的:
- 确定ePMR中的负载 (x) 与电化学参数如电流密度和电解质度的相关性.
- 阐明负荷 (x) 对ePMR热力学驱动力的影响.
- 为了证明ePMR在驱动 endergonic化反应的能力.
主要方法:
- 测量了从-膜中脱离的流率 (P).
- 与压力组合等温相对应的流动性 (P),以确定负荷 (x).
- 使用电化学透研究和有限元素分析 (FEA) 建模的验证测量.
- 经验证明了通过减少二氧化碳形成的ePMR能力.
主要成果:
- 随着电流密度和电解质度的增加,负荷 (x) 增加.
- 在 - 200 mA·cm-2 时,观察到约 0.92 在 1.0 M H2SO4 中的载荷 (x) 平原.
- 测量结果经过实验和计算验证,并同意x依赖性质.
- 确定了合金形成的自由能量 (ΔG(x) PdH,最高达到11kJ·mol-1.
结论:
- 电化学条件显著影响ePMR中的载荷.
- 确定的热力学驱动力 (ΔG(x) PdH) 表明ePMR可以驱动 endergonic 反应.
- 通过成功将二氧化碳降低为酸盐,证明了ePMR可用于可持续化学合成的实际应用.
相关概念视频
Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation
3.4K
Catalytic hydrogenation of alkenes is a transition-metal catalyzed reduction of the double bond using molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. The mode of hydrogen addition follows syn stereochemistry.
The metal catalyst used can be either heterogeneous or homogeneous. When hydrogenation of an alkene generates a chiral center, a pair of enantiomeric products is expected to form. However, an enantiomeric excess of one of the products can be facilitated using an enantioselective reaction or an...
The metal catalyst used can be either heterogeneous or homogeneous. When hydrogenation of an alkene generates a chiral center, a pair of enantiomeric products is expected to form. However, an enantiomeric excess of one of the products can be facilitated using an enantioselective reaction or an...
3.4K
Reduction of Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation
12.2K
Alkenes undergo reduction by the addition of molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. Because the process generally occurs in the presence of a transition-metal catalyst, the reaction is called catalytic hydrogenation.
Metals like palladium, platinum, and nickel are commonly used in their solid forms — fine powder on an inert surface. As these catalysts remain insoluble in the reaction mixture, they are referred to as heterogeneous catalysts.
The hydrogenation process takes place on the...
Metals like palladium, platinum, and nickel are commonly used in their solid forms — fine powder on an inert surface. As these catalysts remain insoluble in the reaction mixture, they are referred to as heterogeneous catalysts.
The hydrogenation process takes place on the...
12.2K
Potentiometry: Membrane Electrodes
640
Membrane electrodes, also known as p-ion electrodes, use membranes that selectively interact with free analyte ions, generating a potential difference across the membrane. The resulting membrane potential, known as the asymmetry potential, is not zero even when analyte concentrations on both sides of the membrane are equal. The membrane's response is typically not selective to a single analyte but proportional to the concentration of all ions in the sample solution capable of interacting at...
640
Reduction of Benzene to Cyclohexane: Catalytic Hydrogenation
4.7K
Unlike the easy catalytic hydrogenation of an alkene double bond, hydrogenation of a benzene double bond under similar reaction conditions does not take place easily. For example, in the reduction of stilbene, the benzene ring remains unaffected while the alkene bond gets reduced. Hydrogenation of an alkene double bond is exothermic and a favorable process. In contrast, to hydrogenate the first unsaturated bond of benzene, an energy input is needed; that is, the process is endothermic. This is...
4.7K
Chemiosmosis
100.1K
Oxidative phosphorylation is a highly efficient process that generates large amounts of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the basic unit of energy that drives many cellular processes. Oxidative phosphorylation involves two processes— the electron transport chain and chemiosmosis.
Electron Transport Chain
The electron transport chain involves a series of protein complexes on the inner mitochondrial membrane that undergo a series of redox reactions. At the end of this chain, the electrons...
Electron Transport Chain
The electron transport chain involves a series of protein complexes on the inner mitochondrial membrane that undergo a series of redox reactions. At the end of this chain, the electrons...
100.1K
Regioselectivity of Electrophilic Additions to Alkenes: Markovnikov's Rule
14.4K
If a set of reactants can yield multiple constitutional isomers, but one of the isomers is obtained as the major product, the reaction is said to be regioselective. In such reactions, bond formation or breaking is favored at one reaction site over others.
The hydrohalogenation of an unsymmetrical alkene can yield two haloalkane products, depending on which vinylic carbon takes up the halogen. However, one product usually predominates, where hydrogen adds to the vinylic carbon bearing the...
The hydrohalogenation of an unsymmetrical alkene can yield two haloalkane products, depending on which vinylic carbon takes up the halogen. However, one product usually predominates, where hydrogen adds to the vinylic carbon bearing the...
14.4K

