目标结合部位的微进化变化作为Drosophila中超比胸部功能的关键决定因素
Soumen Khan1, Saurabh J Pradhan2, Guillaume Giraud3
1Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune, 411008, India. soumen.khan@students.iiserpune.ac.in.
Journal of molecular evolution
|June 21, 2023
概括
像Ultrabithorax (Ubx) 这样的Hox基因塑造了昆虫的身体计划. 乌布克斯结合部位的进化变化,特别是TAAAT动机,解释了翅膀模式基因如何在中受到调节.
科学领域:
- 进化发育生物学 进化发育生物学
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 分子生物学分子生物学
背景情况:
- 霍克斯基因,包括Ultrabithorax (Ubx),是关键的转录因子,在元动物中指定细分身份.
- 在许多昆虫中,ubx蛋白调节胸部部分 (T2和T3) 的差异性发育,但它的作用在蝶 (例如,Apis mellifera) 与蝶 (例如,Drosophila melanogaster) 相比似乎不那么明显.
- 在Drosophila和Apis之间,Ubx功能和基因调节的显著差异表明,cis调节元素和转录因子结合的基础进化变化.
研究的目的:
- 通过比较Drosophila和Apis之间的全基因组Ubx结合位点来研究Ubx功能中的进化变化.
- 为了确定与不同昆虫系的Ubx结合和调节活动相关的特定DNA序列动图.
- 阐明Ubx在二体进化过程中获得对关键发育基因 (如遗留基因 (vg)) 的调控控制的分子机制.
主要方法:
- 比较基因组学:对Drosophila和Apis.的Ubx结合位点进行全基因组分析.
- 生物信息学:保护和分离的结合序列的动机发现和分析.
- 生物化学分析:研究Ubx对不同DNA基因的结合偏好.
- 转基因检测:在体内使用Drosophila模型评估Ubx结合点的调节功能.
主要成果:
- 一个TAAAT核心基因被确定为Drosophila中首选的Ubx结合部位,但不是Apis.
- 这种TAAAT动机对于UBX介导的目标基因调节至关重要,例如Drosophila中的CG13222 (上调) 和遗留 (vg) (抑制).
- 通过引入TAAAT动机来修改Apis vg增强剂,在Drosophila转基因试验中实现了Ubx介导的调节,证明了动机的功能意义.
结论:
- 特定的Ubx结合基因的进化,如TAAAT核心,是推动基因调节和身体计划进化的关键机制.
- 获得TAAAT结合部位可能有助于招募关键发育基因,如vg,在Dipteran血统中的Ubx控制下.
- 对转录因子结合部位的比较分析提供了对发育途径进化创新的分子基础的洞察.
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