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国家卫生访谈调查中社会人口统计因素与视力困难之间的关联:基于人口的分析
Lana Moayad1, Chris Zajner2, Marko M Popovic3
1The Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine (L.M.), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
American journal of ophthalmology
|June 21, 2023
概括
社会决定因素显著影响视力困难. 性别,性取向,保险,教育,收入和种族等因素与视力问题的可能性增加有关.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 眼科医生 眼科 眼科
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
背景情况:
- 健康的社会决定因素 (SDOH) 越来越多地被认为是影响健康结果的关键因素.
- 视力障碍是一个重要的公共卫生问题,可能与社会经济和人口因素有关.
研究的目的:
- 调查美国成年人口中各种健康社会决定因素与自我报告的视力困难之间的联系.
- 确定特定的人口和社会经济因素,增加患视力问题的风险.
主要方法:
- 对2021年国家卫生访谈调查 (NHIS) 数据的横截面分析.
- 包括29,464名成年参与者,他们回答了有关视力困难的问题,并提供了SDOH的数据.
- 用单变量和多变量逻辑回归模型来评估SDOH和自我报告的视力困难之间的关系.
主要成果:
- 视力障碍的可能性增加与女性,同性恋,女同性恋或双性恋身份,拥有公共保险,教育程度较低 (低于高中) 和低于贫困线的收入有关.
- 多变量分析强调非西班牙裔黑人参与者具有自我报告视力困难的风险增加.
结论:
- 在美国,多种社会人口统计因素和自我报告的视力困难之间存在着显著的关联.
- 临床实践和卫生政策应综合考虑健康的社会决定因素,以有效地解决视力丧失问题.
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