景观异质性增加了野生类动物种群的稳定性,这些种群面临着地中海生态系统的气候变化
Juan Miguel Giralt-Rueda1, Luis Santamaría1
1Doñana Biological Station (EBD-CSIC), C/ Américo Vespucio s/n. 41092, Seville, Spain.
The Science of the total environment
|June 21, 2023
概括
地中海环境中的息地异质性支持野生类动物种群,通过确保食物的可用性,尽管植物生产的变化. 然而,高牲畜密度会对野生类动物的动态和系统稳定产生负面影响,特别是随着气候变化.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 野生动物管理 野生动物管理
- 适应气候变化 适应气候变化
背景情况:
- 地中海生态系统在植物生产中表现出显著的年度变化,影响类动物种群.
- 息地的异质性和多样化的植物现象学可以缓冲野生类动物对这些波动.
- 了解这些动态对于管理野生类动物种群及其生态系统至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估植物生产变异性和牲畜丰度对红鹿 (Cervus elaphus) 和鹿 (Dama dama) 种群动态的影响.
- 研究息地异质性和现象学互补性如何影响野生类动物的食物供应.
- 评估养类动物对野生类动物种群和气候变化下的生态系统稳定性的影响.
主要方法:
- 利用了长达15年的数据集,整合了遥感 (植物分布,表观,生产) 和类动物种群数量.
- 分析了植物初级生产和牲畜丰度的时间变化.
- 研究了植被现象学,降雨模式和类动物群体反应之间的相互作用.
主要成果:
- 不同植被类型的现象周期的时间交替增强了年度植物产量和类动物食物的可用性.
- 植被对降雨反应的互补性改善了对粮食供应的年对年可预测性.
- 低到中等的牲畜密度对野生类动物产生了积极的影响,而高密度减少了野生类动物的数量和生态系统对气候变化的稳定性.
结论:
- 息地异质性和现象学互补性是支持地中海环境中的野生类动物种群的关键机制.
- 畜牧业管理对于保持植物无菌系统的稳定性至关重要,特别是在气候变化面前.
- 研究结果为地中海生态系统的可持续类动物管理和气候变化适应策略提供了信息.
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